| With the rapid progress of human society and science and technology,in the context of contemporary society,due to the increase in the frequency of human activities and the expansion of activity areas,the influence of human decision-making and behavior on human beings,human society,and the natural world has gradually increased.The risks of various risks to human survival and development have gradually increased.As the leading and even decisive factor in promoting the development of contemporary productive forces,science and technology continue to create material wealth,but also has huge negative effects.The risk problems caused by the application of science and technology are also increasingly prominent.Science and technology have continuously strengthened human capabilities in transforming nature and controlling nature,and the various characteristics it brings also bring many risks.It requires multiple stakeholders to participate in scientific and technological activities.Since the 1950 s,research on risk issues has aroused widespread concern in the society and formed related risk theory and risk theory.In general,scientific and technological risks can be divided into internal and external risks.Internal risks are the risks caused by factors such as the complexity and uncertainty of science and technology,and the limited ability of human understanding and control.These risks make it harder for S&T governance and even lead to the possibility of innovation failure.The internal risk receptor is mainly the direct subject of scientific and technological activities.External risks are the hazards of science and technology activities or artificial artifacts in the process of scientific and technological governance and application,such as the impact on existing objects(such as ecological environment,limited resources,etc.),people,and social structure(such as the subject of science and technology activities are reluctant to bear the corresponding risks Or passing on various types of risks,leading to unjust distribution of risk and becoming a source of risk affecting social and world stability.In addition to directly participating in the activities of the main body of the external risk receptor,there are various types of non-directly involved subjects,as well as natural ecology and other non-human subjects.The existence of technological risks requires governance.Technology risk governance is complex.Different actors have different identification of scientific and technological risks.And for a long time,some risks cannot be blamed.The integration of science and technology with society and the rapid advancement of globalization have made contemporary technology one of the greatest sources of risk in contemporary society.The current risk issue caused by the application of science and technology has become one of the themes of contemporary humanities and social sciences.How to effectively prevent and control and minimize the harm of scientific and technological risks has become an important issue that concerns human development.Judging from the current research field of scientific and technological risks,the society's attention to scientific and technological risks is obviously insufficient.The relevant basic theory is still not perfect,and it is difficult to effectively guide the specific practice of governance of scientific and technological risks.Under the guidance of the Marxist ecological civilization theory,through the analysis and description of the causes,attributes,and main contents of scientific and technological risks,we are actively exploring new models for managing scientific and technological risks in a risk society,and minimizing the risks associated with science and technology.Harm,promote the sustainable and stable development and progress of human society.This is also an important issue in the contemporary study of Marxist theoretical disciplines.Our selection of topics is based on summarizing the research results of Chinese and foreign scholars and trying to make new achievements in scientific and technological risks by integrating research findings of various contemporary disciplines under the guidance of the Green Development Concept,an important part of the Marxist ecological civilization theory.The definition of technology,due to the high degree of complexity of science and technology and its own inherent uncertainty,makes it impossible for the science and technology to be fully understood by humans during or after its application,and no expert can fully predict accurately.Potential and uncertain hazards of calculation and control.We need to grasp the characteristics of scientific and technological risks,such as uncertainty,unpredictability,greater concealment,greater harm,faster diffusion,chain reaction,and gradualness of production,and the dangers that technological risks pose to society.As well as the detailed analysis of the causes,efforts were made to overcome or reduce the excessive publicity of human subjectivity,the one-sided exaggeration of the instrumental rationality of science and technology in industrial society,the drive for quick success and instant benefit in the market economy,and the decline in the value of blind worship of science and technology and the decline in scientific and technological ethics.The influence of various factors that increase the risk of science and technology.Regarding the governance of scientific and technological risks,the internal and external governance of scientific and technological risks is mainly effective.According to the human fate community proposed in the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the society and the public must strengthen the legal system,moral control,and technology in the application of scientific and technological achievements.We will control and improve a series of control measures and measures such as the risk assessment mechanism for science and technology and global scientific risk management in order to achieve more effective control of scientific and technological risks.The basic logic of this study is as follows:The ecological crisis has caused humans to reflect on industrial civilized societies.It has accelerated humanity's change of traditional concepts of development and economic growth so that it will develop toward a green path.Only by using the green development concept as an innovative mechanism to guide the construction of modern scientific and technological risk can we accomplish this task.The scientific and technological risk management innovation mechanism is conducive to preventing and controlling scientific and technological risks,accelerating the adjustment of social structures,and turning green society from theory to reality.To this end,we first define what is the risk of science and technology: Science and technology risk refers to the negative effects that may occur in the process of realizing the value of science and technology that may cause great harm to society.The risks brought about by science and technology are manifested in a variety of forms,including explicit hazards,hidden dangers,and potential hazards in the actual consumption and enjoyment of new materials and new energy such as biology,information,and nuclear energy.The risk of science and technology is mainly divided into narrow risk and broad risk.Technology can both transform natural forces into environmentally friendly,high-efficiency products,reduce environmental pollution,allow humans to gain more social wealth and use value,and bring technology risks and disasters to humans.The development of any social industrial civilization will inevitably encounter technological risks.In order to manage scientific and technological risks,we need to establish a green development concept and the concept of green development.This is the result of the innovation of contemporary social development concepts.It highlights the change from the scientific concept of development to the five concepts of development,not only the embodiment of innovation in the consciousness field,but also As a result of practice,this indicates the path and direction for the construction of ecological civilization,that is,the use of green development to promote the construction of ecological civilization in order to achieve the ideal goal of harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.Examining the governance of China's scientific and technological risks in the green development concept,we see that,with the green development concept,we examine China's governance of scientific and technological risks,and on the basis of admitting that “science and technology are primary productive forces”,we also discover that science and technology not only bring risks,but also its own There are also risks.There are many unreasonable ways of traditional governance,and they cannot respond to the challenges that come from all aspects.The work we have to do is to promote the actual turn of science and technology progress:Adhere to green development: It refers to the harmony and freedom between man and nature,people,and generations.Adhere to green development and how to guide science and technology to play a positive driving force.To manage China's scientific and technological risks under the guidance of the green development concept,it is necessary to learn from the advanced experience of developed countries and achieve the goal of “the jade of other mountains and the ability to attack jade”.When discussing the countermeasures for the governance of China's scientific and technological risks with the guidance of the Green Development Outlook,we tentatively proposed the basic guiding ideology and basic principles as well as the main countermeasures.We believe that risk is one of the intrinsic properties of science and technology.Although scientific and technological risks cannot be completely eliminated,through the joint efforts of humans and adopting effective control measures,the negative effects of scientific and technological risks can be effectively controlled and supervised,eventually stimulating technology.For the benefit of human society.Adhering to the concept of green development is an important manifestation of self-confidence in taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and it is also an important role for economic powers.We should firmly establish the concept of socialist ecological civilization and the concept of green development,promote the formation of a new pattern of modernization in the harmonious development of man and nature,and make due efforts to realize beautiful China!... |
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