Identifying perceived barriers limiting the creation of jobs for adults with developmental disabilities: A qualitative study of employment professionals

The aim of this generic qualitative inquiry was to identify perceived barriers for employment professionals in creating jobs for adults with developmental disabilities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 professionals currently employed in two preselected counties in California. Each participant had at least five years of experience related to employment for individuals with developmental disabilities. Thematic analysis of the data revealed 12 themes which aligned with the six values of Dawis' theory of work adjustment. Application of this theoretical orientation to job development for individuals with developmental disabilities may improve the quality and availability of meaningful vocational opportunities created by employment professionals. Five findings emerged from the collected data showing primary barriers to job development including: (a) consumers lack skills necessary for employment and lack opportunities for skills development; (b) there is a lack of traditional employment opportunities for consumers requiring creativity from employment professionals to develop jobs; (c) the lack of community knowledge and understanding related to individuals with developmental disabilities often results in social stigma and negative community feedback; (d) professionals need to thoroughly understand the needs and abilities of the consumers for whom they are trying to develop jobs; and (e) accommodations serve as a protection and a barrier to job development for individuals with developmental disabilities. While this study began exploration of the experiences of employment professionals related to job creation for individuals with developmental disabilities, future research should address overcoming barriers to job development through an increase in supported employment agencies, skills development opportunities for consumers, education for the community to reduce stigma, and exposure between consumers and potential employers or community members to reduce anxiety during interactions.