| Four experiments were conducted at NMSU, Las Cruces, N.M. The purpose of this research was to evaluate different techniques for integrated management of pink bollworm in cotton.; The effectiveness of pheromone traps as indicators of boll infestation was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient (r) between trap counts and boll and square infestation. The values for r was low in all cases, the value for r was <0.44.; The pattern of larvae entering diapause was studied by observing larvae held in the laboratory, which were field collected in 1995 and 1996. In both years the percentage of larvae entering diapause increased gradually. The maximum percentage was reached in October in both years (98.9% in early October 1995 and 88.5% in late October 1995).; The pattern of moth emergence from diapausing larvae was different, depending on the date of larval collection. Over 80% of larvae collected in early September and in November emerged between June 1 and May 24. About 50% of the larvae collected in late September and in October emerged after May 24, when food was available in the field.; Conventional and alternative control methods were evaluated. The effectiveness of each method was determined by comparing infestation levels and yield (bales/ha). The lowest infestation levels and highest yield resulted from the Lorsban ® + Checkmate® + Karate®-Curacron ® treatment (6.86 bales/ha), followed by Lorsban® + Checkmate® treatment (3.22 bales/ha).; The density of the beneficial fauna was measured in five cotton plots and four intercrop plots (alfalfa, canola, sanfoin, and hairy vetch). The beneficial fauna was more abundant in the intercrop plots than in the cotton plots. There was no sign of migration from the intercrops (alfalfa, canola, sanfoin and hairy vetch) to the adjacent cotton. |
