PARALLELS BETWEEN WILLIAM FAULKNER AND FOUR HISPANIC AMERICAN NOVELISTS (EDUARDO MALLEA; ARGENTINA; AGUSTIN YANEZ; MEXICO; MANUEL ROJAS; CHILE; GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ; COLOMBIA)

This study seeks to define the reasons for the parallels between William Faulkner and Eduardo Mallea, Agust(')in Yanez, Manuel Rojas and Gabriel Garc(')ia Marquez as well as the characteristics of those similarities. It emphasizes their common New World experience and in particular their conceptions of solitude, the community and nature and their inclination to experiment with the form of the novel. In order to define themselves as writers, they seek to define the communities in which they live. The villages which they create are often isolated and solitary, as is the New World, and frequently rural, suspended a bit in time and economically underdeveloped. These communities often get caught in the conflict between the past and the present in their struggle with the problems of technological change and the Industrial Revolution. Individual characters are often idiosyncratic figures who manifest a certain solitude which is characteristic of the New World. The conflict between the need to conquer and manipulate the vast natural world and the desire to live in harmony with it is one source of that characteristic solitude and is an important theme in many of the works. In order to distinguish themselves from the writers of the Old World they also take readily to innovation in the structure of the novel. This experimentation with narrative techniques and with the form of the novel frequently parallels the cinema, often emphasizes techniques, considers legends, dreams, myths and the imagination as valid raw material for the novel and suggests the autonomy of the literary work of art. With the novels of Garc(')ia Marquez, one finds a conception of reality which is quite different from the Realism and Naturalism of the nineteenth century. The evolution of these novelists and of their novels follows the patterns of Ortega y Gasset's dehumanization to some extent, and more specifically Cedomil Goic's notion of Superrealism.