Outline Of The Historical Materials Of Chinese Environmental History

Compared with the achievements in the study of environmental history in China,the collation and research of historical materials related to environmental history is slightly lagging behind,the current research on envirorunental history materials in China mostly focuses on the discussion of historical materials,local histoiy,aind other historical materials in the pre-Qin,Tang,Song and Ming and Qing Dynasties,while many researchers do not actively focus on and utilize environmental infonmation in oral,physical,and visual images.in addition,the use of special environmental historical materials such as extraterritorial literature,field survey data,and natural science obseirvation data is rare in the academic community;as for the collection and collation of the most basic environmental historical materials,It is even more lag,which compared with the results obtained in environmental history research.The lack of research on environmental history mentioned above restricts the deepening of local environmental history research and the level of localization and internationalization.So this paper make a preliminary reflection on the collection,collation and utilization of historical materials in China's environmental history to promote the construction of Chinese environmental history materials.This article is divided into three parts.The first part consider the subject tasks,research objects,research methods,historical materials types of the historical materials of Chinese environmental history.It believes that the historical materials of Chinese environmental history belongs to the category of historical materials research.It also has a very close relationship with the fields of literature,archeology,oral history,anthropology,ethnology and natural science.Itsresearch object is a variety of historical documents,oral historical materials,physical historical materials,and image historical materials,which reflecting the interaction between the Chinese and the natural environmentand its disciplinary task is that describe the source and category of Chinese environmental history data,and advocate and practice the historical data of Chinese enviroiunental history and so on.and interdisciplinary research,field research,historical literature research are the basic research methods.In addition,literature,oral,physical and image are the four basic historical materials for studying the environmental history of China.the literature including Zhengshi,Fangzhi,Shilu,Archives,record the history of interaction between man and nature in words,and oral historical materials such as legends,myths,proverbs,interview records can tell us the memory story of people and nature.The physical historical materials can show the past of human beings and nature in concrete objects.As for the images including murals,rock paintings,crepe papers,cartoons,photographs,can reveal lots of information about people and nature.Although the four types of historical materials have different forms,each has its own characteristics and values,they can complementing each other and confirming each other.It is necessary to master the basic methods and ways of collating and researching the historical data of China's environmental history.The second part belongs to the special research.It selects the common historical materials such as Zhengshi,Fangzhi,Shilu.archives to analyze the environmental information.At the same time,I try my best to discuss the environmental information and their collection and utilization of oral,physical and image historical materials.The study believes that historical documents including Zhengshi,Fangzhi,Shilu,Archives are the basic historical materials for studying the environmental history of China.The collection and use of the literature should be combined with the research results of ancient Chinese history,intellectual history,local history,archival science and other disciplines.The method also relies on the knowledge and skills of bibliography,versioning,and collation.The environmental information contained in the oral,physical and image historical materials is also extremely rich and precious.It is necessary to combine the research results of archaeology,oral histoiy,image history and ancient philology to analyze and interpret relevant environmental information.The third part is to supplement the second part.In the rich historical materials of the literature,their are many special environmental historical materials such as diaries,letters,newspapers,Wenshiziliao,natural science data,and extraterritorial literature.Among them,diaries,letters and Wenshiziliao not only record the author's observations and experiences on nature and related personnel,but also record the author's own emotional cognition and psychological attitude towards many natural phenomena and social phenomena.These contents have important reference value for studying specific environmental events and Micro-environmental history,environmental cognition.the extraterritorial literature records the observation,cognition and evaluation of Chinese history and culture from the perspective of the other,especially the records of China's mountains and rivers,farmland water conservancy,property,disease medical treatment,human customs,climate change,disaster events,etc.all of these environmental information is so precious.The field survey data is based on the investigator's personal experience and knowledge.It not only provides many valuable literature,oral,physical and image historical materials for the study of environmental history,but also provides a real-time experience and analytical perspective of understanding historical materials.Natural science data provides accurate data information on climate,geology,soil,hydrology.flora and fauna,with rigorous methods and precise instruments,which can better demonstrate the characteristics of interdisciplinary research in environmental history.In short,in order to promote the study of historical materials of environmental history and the in-depth development of Chinese environmental history,it is necessary to establish a historical history of Chinese environmental history.The historical history of Chinese environmental history is not only a basic subject,but also a comprehensive interdisciplinary subject.Especially the extraction and analysis of environmental information in the oral,physical and image,the use of natural science data,and the digitization of environmental history materials and so on.These issues and research require the intersection and cooperation of multiple disciplines,which can be done by one person or a single subject.However,in the long run,the compilation and utilization of historical materials in China's environmental history cannot be delayed,and the environmental history materials also have a broad development prospect.This paper believes that the establishment and development of the historical materials of Chinese environmental history will certainly promote the deepening of the theoretical and localization of China's environmental history research.