Comprehensive Strategies For Efficiency Enhancement Of Electric Vehicles Through The On-Board Installation Of Renewable Energy Sources

As the world population is increasing day by day and there is an increase in the use of energy in the same order,so it is essential to keep our energy resources very high to meet the demand.It is a fact that due to the rapid depletion of fossil fuel resources worldwide,it became essential to search for alternative sources of energy.In transportation,conventional vehicles with internal combustion engines have the leading role in the burning of fossil fuels and causing global warming,co2 emission,acid rain,which drastically affects the environment.The integration of solar energy and transportation can be beneficial for the overall environment and the economy of any country.So,there is a need to find out a renewable energy source for the transportation system,which makes the environment clean and green.The dissertation proposes a novel idea of electric vehicle which can charge the batteries on mobility and represents the comprehensive strategies for efficiency enhancement of electric vehicles through the on-board installation of renewable energy sources.In the automotive industry from the past years,the trend has been towards more complicated electronic control systems.The new approach for vehicle design has to be multidisciplinary.Developing a simulation model for the vehicle design with optimal accuracy is a challenging task where only the driving cycles and the vehicle specifications are the inputs for the simulation.In this dissertation presents an equation-based design approach for the vehicle design to calculate the total tractive power and energy required for propulsion.The output result of this study is constructive to design a new vehicle because it allows you to a trade-off between the range and power source required for a particular vehicle either conventional vehicle,electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle.This proposed model is sufficient to understand the effect of all the resistance forces acting on the vehicle such as wind resistance force,rolling resistance force,grade resistance force,acceleration resistance force and these resistance forces having a direct relationship with the vehicle parameters as vehicle mass,frontal area,air density,drag coefficient,rolling resistance coefficient and road angle etc.Before mount PV for any application or at any location,there is a vital phase of analysis,modelling,and simulation of the PV system,which helps to understand the actual behavior in real conditions.This dissertation also emphasizes on the stepwise procedure of modelling and simulation for the PV panel,which is proposed to use for the installation on the electric vehicle.The proposed system provides a reliable,accurate,and simple method to model the PV system.It takes a flexible solar panel of 180W as a reference model.The Ⅰ-Ⅴand P-V characteristics are further investigated at different operating conditions such as a variation of irradiance from 1000 to 400 W/m2,variation of temperature from 15 to 70 C0 and vary shunt resistance from higher to low values.The equation-based modelling of the PV system is built in MATLAB/Simulink.This methodology allows investigating the PV system on different operating conditions(varying temperature and irradiance)and physical parameters(ideality factor,series and shunt resistance)along with partial shading effect.Finally,the equation-based design approach is implemented for the design of electric vehicle which covers the tractive force calculation,battery model,motor model,driveline model and losses associated with these models.This study is beneficial for the designing of the battery electric vehicle according to any specification because it provides a benchmark circuit to analyze all the parameters at the initial level.The complete MATLAB/Simulink equation-based design models are represented in this dissertation for the battery electric vehicle and solar battery electric vehicle which charge their batteries on board and increase the mileage.