Study On Integrated Port Energy System Considering Demand Response

For a long time,due to the huge guiding force in economic growth,ports have become the key factors in the economic development of the coastal areas of various countries in the world.However,ports are currently undergoing a critical period of the energy transition.On the one hand,the energy consumption of ports consistently grows as the global shipping trades increase,so it is different for the traditional port energy system to support the rapid development of the port economy and trade.On the other hand,the gas emission caused by the in-port ships and industries led to serious pollution to the port the surrounding areas.Therefore,governments and organizations of all countries are working hard to promote the energy transition of ports and try to build smart and green port energy systems.Based on the background above,this paper proposes the mechanism model of the integrated port energy system(IPES),and studies planning,operation,and evaluation problems of IPES in different scenarios with Integrated Demand Response(IDR).It aims to provide solutions for the transition and development of the port energy system.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)This paper proposes a framework for modeling an IPES.A port energy hub(EH)model including energy production,conversion and storage are built.Also,the multi-type IDR models are established.They all lay the foundations for the following studies.Secondly,with regard to the customer baseline load(CBL)prediction in IDR programs,a differentiated baseline load forecasting method considering different users' power consumption modes is proposed.By taking the actual users' data,the calculation and adjustment methods applicable to users of different types of power consumption modes are obtained through regression analysis.Finally,the simplicity,accuracy,and stability of the proposed method are verified by comparing it with the traditional prediction method.(2)The cost-benefit model of ships using shore-side power is established,and the relationship between the benefits of ships,shore-side price,and in-port duration are analyzed for bulk ships,cruise ships,and container ships,separately.As a result,the optimal shore-side price and minimum in-port duration are obtained.Furthermore,based on the economic analysis above and the statistical regulation of ships calling at ports,the behavioral models of ships using shore-side power for the above three types of ships are built.The characteristic parameters such as arriving time,in-port duration and magnitude of shore-side power are selected to simulate the daily load by using the Monte Carlo method.Finally,the simulation results with different types of electricity prices are analyzed.(3)Based on the mechanism models and load simulation results,a configuration and sizing model of EH is built for the port area with IDR.This model takes the uncertainty of IDR capacity and CBL prediction error as a chance constraint.By optimizing control variables such as capacities and output energy of EH equipment and IDR,the total planning cost of IPES in the planning cycle is minimized.Furthermore,case study discusses the optimal results of EH configuration and planning costs in different scenarios.The daily operating conditions of EHs and the impact of different types and uncertainties of IDR are also analyzed,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model.(4)To furtherly study the IPES,the port will be expanded from a single area to multi districts.A coordinated planning model for multi-district IPES considering energy interconnection(EI)is proposed to deal with the problems caused by the independent planning of each port district,such as low economic benefits and energy efficiency.A simplified model of the EI network is established,and a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model based on multi-district IPES collaborative optimization is constructed,transformed and solved.Taking the port in northern China as the example,the case study to demonstrates that the EI between multi-port districts can effectively alleviate the mismatch problems between the energy output and the peak-valley load demand in the multi-district IPESs,which can also improve the economy of the overall port energy systems and achieve inter-district wind power accommodation.In addition,sensitivity analyses are carried out to discuss the impact of varying energy prices and the uncertainty of ships using shore-side power on planning results.(5)With regard to the evaluation of planning schemes of the port energy system,a 3E(Energy efficiency,Economy and Environment)evaluation system for assessing the comprehensive benefits of the port energy system is built along with the corresponding sub-indices.Meanwhile,the calculation method of each sub-index is proposed considering the actual production situation of ports.Furthermore,the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to comprehensively evaluate the port energy system under different schemes.A comparative study of different planning scenarios is conducted to show the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed IPES in 3E aspects.It also reflects the practicality and effectiveness of the established 3E port evaluation system,which can provide suggestions for the planning of port energy system?...