Research On The Commentary On Mencius In The Qing Dynasty

Mencius represents as one of the most important Confucian classics,which has been widely concerned by scholars since its publication.Literary criticism reached its heyday in the Ming Dynasty.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,there were many works focusing on the interpretation of Mencius from the perspective of literature.At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,the study on Mencius got further development,and the Monographs on Mencius gradually increased and tended to be excellent.Although some gratifying achievements have been made in the study of the commentary edition of Mencius in the Qing Dynasty,there are still many problems that need to be further supplemented and improved.Based on the current situation,the paper author employs the method of traditional literature to study the reviewer,version,bibliographic description of the Qing Dynasty's Mencius,and it goes deep into the evaluation,summarizes many comments in the evaluation,analyzes the content of the comments,and summarizes the characteristics and value of the Qing Dynasty's Mencius.The author hopes that the completion of this topic will contribute to the enrichment and perfection of Mencius studies and commentaries.Besides the introduction,the paper is divided into five chapters:In the first chapter,it mainly analyzes the origin of the commentary,the realistic reasons for the emergence of the commentary in Ming Dynasty,and the cultural background of the development of the commentary in Qing Dynasty.Comments originated from the ancient exegesis of chapters and sentences,the tradition of poetry and historical criticism,and the method of marking reading while the comments on Mencius did not come out until the middle and late Ming Dynasty.Choosing the Confucian classic of Mencius as the object has something to do with the ideological trend of mind in Ming Dynasty,the literary atmosphere,and the overall prosperity of comments in Ming Dynasty.The comments on Mencius in Qing Dynasty developed continuously on the basis of Ming Dynasty's development.The second chapter is made to distinguish the former,the middle and the latter three issues,sort out the versions of many critical editions,and clarify the publishing status of different critical editions.On the one hand,the author pursues to understand humanities condition and discuss the world.The author also studies the commentators,especially those who haven't been able to study in academic circles,on their life experiences and academic thoughts.For well-celebrated people such as Liu Dakui and Niu Yunzhen,the author mainly discusses the imperial examination experience,current literary ideas and ancient literary ideas that have an impact on his comments on Mencius.On the other hand,the author combs the editions of different editions,introduces the general situation of the visible editions,and corrects the errors of bibliographic description.The third chapter mainly introduces the form and method of criticism of Mencius in Qing Dynasty.In the first section,the two formal elements of "comment" and "dot" in the evaluation of Mencius are summarized and analyzed."Comment" refers to the language comment in the evaluation of Mencius.Generally,according to the position in the evaluation,it can be divided into prefaces and postscripts,Fanli,Meipi,Pangpi,Jiapi,Weipi,and some other forms."Dot" serves as a symbol in the evaluation of Mencius,which complements the comments in the text.In the second section,the author summarizes the critical methods of Mencius in Qing Dynasty,and discusses the application of historical criticism,comparative criticism and image criticism in Mencius based on specific examples.In the fourth chapter,the author summarizes the comments of Mencius in Qing Dynasty from four aspects:reading theory,writing theory,style theory,theory and textual research.The first section is about the reading theory in the book review.The reviewers provide the readers with appreciation angle and experience opinions for reading Mencius.In the second section,the author analyzes the comments on the creation of the article,an important part of the Qing Dynasty's Mencius.The commentators take the guidance of writing as the purpose,revealing Mencius'conception,composition,chapter,sentence and word refining methods.The third section focuses on the "style" of Mencius discussed by the commentators in the Qing Dynasty's Mencius commentaries.The "style" mentioned in the commentary not only refers to the "style" of genre and descriptive style,but also covers the "style" of expression.The fourth section is divided into two parts:theory and textual research.The author analyzes the commentators' interpretation of the author,phonetic notation,rules and regulations of the seven chapters of Mencius,as well as the elucidation of Mencius'theory of mind and nature.The fifth chapter is made to summarize the characteristics and value of the Qing Dynasty "Mencius" critical edition.The critical edition of Mencius in Qing Dynasty is closely related to the imperial examination essays.There are some valuable grammatical theories in the comments of the critical edition,and the comments are also rich in literariness.Although there are still some defects in the critical edition of Mencius in the Qing Dynasty,the value of the critical edition of Mencius far exceeds its shortcomings.At the end of the paper,there are two appendices.Appendix 1 is about the preface and postscript of the evaluation version of Mencius.The author tries to collect the prefaces and postscripts of different editions and punctuate them as much as possible,so as to understand something about the unseen editions.In appendix 2,token the seven chapters of Liang Hui Wang as an example,comments of Mencius,a representative edition of Mencius in Qing Dynasty are collected so as to directly provide readers with the similarities and differences among the editions.