The Research On Bodiless Lacquerware In Fuzhou From The Mid-Qing Dynasty To The Republic Of China

The craft of Fuzhou lacquerware can be traced back to the Northern Song Dynasty.In the Ming Dynasty,Fuzhou lacquerware became very popular,and by the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty,Fuzhou already became one of the most important lacquer art towns in China.The formation of the community of literati class in Three Lanes and Seven Alleys of Fuzhou,the prosperity of commercial culture in Taijiang wharf and the settlement of foreign consulates in Cangshan had formed a city culture with regional characteristics,which had promoted the development of the technological skills of bodiless lacquerware in Fuzhou and its industrial development.From the point of view of craft evolution,since the middle of Qing Dynasty,the bodiless lacquerware in Fuzhou absorbed the characteristics of traditional lacquer craft and interacted with the Japanese lacquer craft,which was the inheritance and development of the traditional lacquerware craft.Around the late Qing Dynasty or the early Republic of China,many famous bodiless lacquerware craftsmen with pioneering spirit emerged in Fuzhou,which innovated nearly 100 kinds of craftsmanship,formed an exquisite artistic style,and made Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware emit infinite charm.The change of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware is influenced by the cultural causes such as the times and history.Under the common action of the germination of commodity economy,cultural factors,changes of the times and other various conditions,the art of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware presents a brilliant splendor.This article explains the cultural field of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware from the middle Qing Dynasty,late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China,studies the transformation of inheritance system and handicraft education,analyzes the positive role of government policy support in the cultivation of lacquerware craft talents,and takes the Shen Shaoan family as an example to deeply study the industrialization development mode and existing structural worries of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China.It provides detailed literature and valuable experience for the education,inheritance and industrialization development of contemporarylacquerware craft.As one of the most representative cultural elements in China,Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware art shows the spiritual core of the splendid traditional culture of the Chinese nation and is a transmission of the oriental spirit.The study of the cultural causes and technological characteristics of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware will help to deepen the understanding of the splendid Chinese traditional culture and promote the development of contemporary cultural industry.On the one hand,this article studies the causes of formation of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware from the middle of Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China and the development of its craft and industry,and probes into its technological changes,creation concept and industrial development from social,economic and cultural aspects.On the other hand,it tries to explain the artistic charm of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware in depth by means of field investigation and literature review,artistic culture and image analysis and so on.Therefrom,this article summarizes the artistic characteristics and industrial changes of Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware,and provides a reference for the promotion of the technological characteristics and the development of the contemporary lacquerware.These experiences and history help us to think about how the current lacquerware industry faces the challenges brought by the changes of the times and mechanical replication.