The First Buddhist Monk In Bashu Area In The Late Ming Dynasty:a Study On Juyun Chuiwan Guanzhen

Shi Guangzhen(1582-1639),taboo name is Guangzhen,secular family name is Li,was born in Bodao Yibin(now Yibin City,Sichuan Province),had a significant impact on the development of Bashu Buddhism in the late Ming Dynasty.In July of the 41 st year of Wanli reign(1613),Shi Guangzhen worships Shi Lianchi as his master and becomes a monk.He traveled to Wu,Yue,min and Yue,and returned to Ju Yun Temple in Chung Zhou.He was died in July of the twelfth year of Chongzhen Dynasty(1639),fifty-eight years in the world,twenty-seven years as a monk.He has written more than twenty books,such as "Yi Guan Bie Zhuan","Gu Yin Wang Zhuan","Zi Xia Cao","Shuo Yue Zheng Lun","Wen Zi Chan Na","Pian Shuo Jiu Bian","Xin Jing Quan Zhu" and "Ju Shi Song".Currently,three volumes of Jun Yun Chuiwanzhen Chanshi Yulu,twenty volumes of Chuiwan Chanshi Yulu,four Yi Guan Bie Zhuan,one volume of the biography of Gu Yin Wang Zhuan,and one volume of Shijiao San Zi Jing are still in existence.Shijiao San Zi Jing of Buddhism is widely spread in the Zen forest.The biography of Shi Guangzhen written by Shi Zhishan,the writing on the temple tower of Shi Guangzhen written by Tian Huaguo,Nansong Chanlin Seng Bao Zhuan written by Shi Zhirong,Xu Deng Zheng Tong written by Shi Xingtong,these books record his life story.In his whole life,he has traveled all over Sichuan,Hunan,Hubei,Jiangsu,Fujian,Guangdong,etc.He has visited many places.He opened a temple in the east of Xiaoxiang lake,Batai temple,Yunlai temple in Baofeng mountain,Xinglong temple,Zhongzhou Juyun temple,etc.,which created Juyun temple,revitalized Buddhism in Bashu area at the end of Ming Dynasty.It is inseparable from his traveling experience that he made several communication centers with the clue of "Xiaoxiang temple—Pingdu Di Zang temple—Jinling trip—On the Zen system founded by Shi Haiming—On the Zen system founded by Shi Guanzhen”.The experience of traveling and Abbot in different periods witnessed the ups and downs of carrying forward Zen,and finally became the master of Bashu generation in Ming Dynasty.Most of them were loyal and righteous people who fought against the Qing Dynasty.They had contacts with Gao?Tian,Ma Qiancheng,Ma Xianglin,Qin Liangyu and other loyal and righteous people of Zhongzhou family.At the time of turmoil in the late Ming Dynasty,Shi Guangzhen helped Confucianism to enter Buddhism,kept his feelings of saving the world and was admired by many loyal people.The Zen thoughts of Shi Guangzhen can be understood by three religions,and their sources are extensive.His main Zen thoughts are preserved in his existing book in Yi Guan Bie Zhuan.Shi Guangzhen's interpretation of Confucian classics such as Da Xue,Zhong Yong,Lun Yu,Meng Zi and Taoism classics such as the Dao De Jing,the Nanhua Jing and the Wen Shi Zhen Jing.In addition,the Buddhist scriptures such as Lengyan Jing,Fahua Jing and Huayan Jing are interpreted in Zen.we should follow the tenet of three religions of "consistently preaching the mind".We should use one "mind" to connect the three religions.We should discuss the Confucian benevolent mind and morality,the Taoism inaction and the Buddhism emptiness.We should use the way of integration of the three religions to promote the Buddhism of living among scholars.He advocated "five combinations of Zen" in the Zen.He believed that one way of Zen is to realize the truth,to promote the common daily use of the common mind.Shi Guangzhen's works involve many styles,such as poetry,CI,biography and novels,which have strong literariness.His poems not only have the meaning,interest and theory of Zen,but also have something to do with the current situation in the late Ming Dynasty.They embody the dual themes of seclusion and loyalty,and the poetic style of"true feelings" and "true poems" in the Ming Dynasty.Shi Guangzhen's novel of Buddhistic deities and demons is "Gu Yin Wang Zhuan",which is an outstanding representative of the Zen novels.It not only contains profound Zen theory,enlightens the monks who later became monks to prove Zen,but also absorbs the creative elements of the novels of Ming Dynasty,and uses the narrative mechanism of "strange" and "unreal"to publicize the purpose of Zen.It is a mature work of the Zen novels,and has a profound impact on the future Zen forests.The literary thought of boasting Shi Guangzhen inherits the Zen method of "true comprehension",holds that "the poetic method is the Zen method",holds the dynamic poetics concept in combination with the Zen forest status at the end of Ming Dynasty,and integrates Xie Zhen's four grid theory of "Xing,Qu,Yi,Li"in Ming Dynasty.It puts forward that poetry should have a "big husband appearance”,showing the duality of Confucianism and Buddhism,seeking a balance between being out of the world and entering the world,reflecting one the loyalty Bodhi Heart of the great virtue of the great monk.