Transformation:Research On The Development Of Chinese Arts And Crafts In The 1950s

China's arts and crafts traversed a very extraordinary path in the 1950 s.During the recovery period of the national economy,the new people's regime took "protection,development,and improvement" as its policy,and carried out a series of excavation,restoration and development work on the handicraft industry that was waiting to be lifted up.Craftsmen returned to the team one after another,many in the war.Craft varieties that were on the verge of being lost or not produced for a long time have been rescued,and traditional crafts with a long history have revived.With the introduction of the "General Line for the Transition Period" in 1953,China began a rapid transition from a new democratic society to a socialist society.From private to collective and public ownership,from small production to co-operative and large-scale production,arts and crafts,as an important component of the handicraft industry,are "tempered and reborn" in the socialist transformation movement.However,due to the needs of economic construction and foreign exchange reserves in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China,the development of arts and crafts turned to special crafts based on export exchange.Before and after the establishment of the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts in 1956,this was clearly manifested by the debate on the direction of the development of arts and crafts triggered by the school-running policy.However,the sudden intervention of political movements and the country's urgent socialist transformation and large-scale industrial construction Under the background of“discussion”,the “discussion” came to an abrupt end,which further framed the development direction of Chinese arts and crafts in the next two decades,and had a profound impact on the modernity and transformation of Chinese design in the second half of the 20 th century..In the subsequent "Great Leap Forward" movement,the low tide of handicraft production and control measures reflected the profound influence of arts and crafts in the political and economic changes in the early stage of socialist construction.From the perspective of "observation",the thesis uses historical data to comb through the arts and crafts policies in the period of national economic recovery,socialist transformation,"anti-rightist" and even "Great Leap Forward" since1949.At the same time,under the guidance of the overall view of history and diachronic research,it analyzes the role of state assistance and policy regulation on the development of arts and crafts;the status of handicrafts during the "reconstruction" period and the changes in the arts and crafts industry production methods,and their pros and cons The paper combs the relevant historical materials of the big discussion on the development direction of arts and crafts,analyzes the internal and external motivations of this discussion,and analyzes the promotion of the "Great Leap Forward" to the government-led national image design project,and related The frustration caused by the decision-making in the production of arts and crafts and handicrafts.On the basis of fully absorbing the relevant research results of the history of the People's Republic of China,the thesis combines the historical logic between the initial political,economic,and social pulses and changes,and the development of arts and crafts and policy adjustments,and traces the development of Chinese arts and crafts in the 1950 s.Change and evolution,restore and reassess the experience and value of key historical periods in the spiraling process of Chinese arts and crafts.