The Influence Of Culture On Intelligent Reasoning In The Context Of Interpersonal Conflict And Its Mechanism

Recent societal shifts regarding the call for wisdom have given rise to uncertainty and populist politics around the world.Dealing with various conflicts can be regarded as good medicine,as wise reasoning can promote a balance between the conflicting interests.Compared with other proximal factors,culture as a distal factor is relatively stable and is likely to influence the elements of daily situations that individuals encounter.Therefore,it is of interest to explore wise reasoning from the perspective of this distal factor.This paper systematically explores the influence of culture on wise reasoning and its mechanism from the perspectives of cross-cultural and indigenous psychology.In chapter III,we explore the differences of wise reasoning between Chinese and American cultures and the differences within the cultures of North and South China based on the theory of individualism/collectivism.The results show that: a)the connotation and structure of wise reasoning have cultural universality;b)cultural differences have consequences for wise reasoning,with more reports of wise reasoning about interpersonal conflicts among Chinaese;c)people from the ricefarming area of southern China also exhibited greater wise reasoning when they encountered conflicts with a friend or in the workplace than those from the wheat-farming area of northern China.In chapter IV,we explore that whether Solomon's paradox will exhibit different characteristics and mechanisms among Chinese people who are mainly interdependent selves.The results indicate that Solomon's paradox is not universal and may only exist in individuals with high independent self.This study also suggests that we should not only focus on the WEIRD samples but also pay attention to the WEIRD researchers who use these samples in an unreflective way to make inferences about humans in general.In chapter V,based on the study of Zhongyong and humility in indigenous psychology,we explore the influence of these two constructs on wise reasoning.The results show that: a)With the growth of age,people will have more identification with the Zhongyong Belief/Value,and then promote wise reasoning;b)People emphasis on the intrinsic value of modesty exhibited greater wise reasoning than these who preferred instrumental modesty;c)Compared with arrogant people,these who emphasis on both value modesty and instrumental modesty exhibite greater wise reasoning.In chapter VI,a dualistic model of guanxi centered and xiaowo centerd dawo was proposed and we also developed a reliable dawo measurement tool based on current Chinese self research.We use the measurement to explore the influence of different types of dawo on wise reasoning.The results show that: a)People belong to the guanxi centered exhibited greater wise reasoning than these who preferred xiaowo centered;b)Compared with independent people,these who emphasis on both guanxi and xiaowo exhibite greater wise reasoning.Overall,we make up for the lack of a single perspective to investigate the influence of culture on wise reasoning,and our research embodies the characteristics of “one mind,many mentalities”or university and particularity.