Research On Wu Yun's Taoism Thought

The Tang Dynasty was a prosperous period of Daoist religion development.During this period,Daoist religion has undergone important changes.In the process of the transition from the Duplicate Metaphysics to the theory of Concentric Nature and then to Internal Alchemy,a group of Taoist teachers prepared theories and practices for the transformation of Taoism in Tang and Song Dynasties.Wu Yun is one of the important representatives of the above conditions.The current academic research on Wu Yun's Taoist thoughts focuses more on the study of his thoughts and theories from the micro level,and less comprehensively discusses the causes of Wu Yun's Taoist thoughts in the context of the Tang Dynasty's society,politics,and the academic environment of Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism.This dissertation takes Wu Yun's Taoist thought as the research object.Based on the existing research results,comprehensively discussion the internal connection between the formation of Wu Yun's Taoist thought and the social development of the Tang Dynasty and the integration of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.Supplement and improve Wu Yun's related research on Taoism.In addition to the introduction,this thesis systematically and comprehensively studies Wu Yun's Taoist thought from the following aspects:The first chapter analyzed the background of Wu Yun's Taoism thought,and combs and analyzes his life and writings.In the context of the prevalence of Taoism in the Tang Dynasty,the exchange and integration of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,Taoism's tendency to care about reality,and the need for changes in Taoist theory and practice,Wu Yun constructed own thoughts from multiple perspectives such as advocating Taoism,blending Confucianism and Buddhism,and caring for reality.Wu Yun's rich life experience,writings,including his important status as a disciple of the Shang Qing faction,etc,have had an impact on the formation of his Taoist thought.Wu Yun's upper-level social activities in the early stage reflected his desire to achieve Taoist social governance ideals,and his later contacts with literati,person who worships Taoism,and hermits reflected his efforts to spread Taoist culture and Taoist seclusion thoughts after the destruction of his governance ideals.The second chapter discussed the cosmology of Wu Yun's Taoist thought.These core concepts explained by Wu Yun such as Tao-Te,Vitality,True-One,Divinities,Movement-Static,Existence-Nothingness in traditional philosophy.Under the situation of Taoism facing a crisis of belief and theory,Wu Yun used this as a basis to change his understanding of the goals and practice of Taoism,and constructed a philosophy of life based on the principle of " Imitate the world ".The third chapter discussed Wu Yun's Mind-Nature theory.Under the impetus of the Buddhist Mind-Nature theory in the Tang Dynasty,Daoist religion took advantage of its tendency to focus on the "Heart" and used Buddhist ideas to construct its own theory.In the face of Buddhism's long-term attacks on Taoism,Wu Yun is more inclined to build his own Mind-Nature theory based on local culture,especially the reference and use of traditional Confucian-Taoist nature-emotion theory.From this,we can see Wu Yun's ideological motives in trying to counter Buddhism.By emphasizing the status of "Mental" and the role of "Heart",Wu Yun has made great achievements in "Nature movement for Emotions","Emotions disturbances the Spirits","extinguish Emotions and return to Nature","Mind calming is Concentrated",and "Mental and Tao are in harmony".A logical relationship has been established between the core concepts such as "Heart"," Nature","Mental","Tao" and other concepts.In fact,it is also driven by the Buddhism theory from a local perspective.Constructed the theory of Mind-Nature that can be connected with the theory of Buddha-Nature.The forth chapter discussed Wu Yun's monasticism theory.Daoist religion in the Tang Dynasty faced a crisis of belief and theory,and was confused about the connotation of the traditional Taoist belief in immortals,the goals of cultivation,and the methods and practices of cultivation.In response to these conditions,Wu Yun said that immortals can be learned,soma and spirit can be solid,and both transcendence of soma and spirit.The core concepts of transcendence,soma-spirit immortality have tried to turn the traditional Breathe in method and Alchemy method from outside to inside,which embodies the ideal of seeking to become immortal belief and the goal of cultivating the Tao by the soma and the mental in harmony.The fifth chapter discussed the social governance theory of Wu Yun's Taoist thought.The rulers of the Tang Dynasty admired the rule of Taoism,and the many high-level Taoists of the Shang Qing faction maintained a close relationship with social politics.Against this background,Wu Yun proposed that "Tao-Te is the foundation of etiquette and etiquette is the end of Tao",affirming Confucianism at the same time as the legitimacy of etiquette,it is proposed that etiquette should be based on Tao-Te,which not only highlights the importance of "Taoism as the foundation",but also theoretically realizes the integration of Confucianism and Taoism.Wu Yun actively absorbed Confucian ethics as the basic condition of cultivating immortality,and hoped to construct a kind of human relations order and ideal personality that unified Confucianism and Taoism.Wu Yun's approach not only conformed to the needs of social and political development in the Tang Dynasty,but also achieved the goal of repelling Buddhism by maintaining the relationship between Confucianism and Taoism.Chapter Six discussed the historical significance and social value of Wu Yun's Taoist thought.In the theory and practice of Daoist religion,Wu Yun integrated Lao-Zhuang's thoughts with the Taoist way from the perspective of Mind-Nature cultivation,and integrated Mind-Nature cultivation into the practice of Taoism.While responding to questions from the outside world about the belief in gods and other issues,he promoted the internalization of Taoist immortal thought.Wu Yun's attitude of criticism Confucianism and the integration of Confucianism,and the attitude of opposing Buddhism and absorbing Buddhism are closely related to his consideration of social reality and the need for ideological construction.His Taoist thought not only contributed to the development of Taoist theory,but also the integration of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.The influence also had an influence on the social culture of the Tang Dynasty.The conclusion part summarizes the theoretical contribution,practical significance and limitations of Wu Yun's Taoist thought.In the context of the time and the academic background of the integration and development of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,Wu Yun conformed to the needs of the social development,and Constructed a theory that can compete with Buddhism and can communicate with Buddhism.The communicate has important significance for the current inheritance and development of Daoist religion,the exchange of Daoist religion with other cultures,the promotion of the construction of a harmonious society,and the enhancement of cultural self-confidence.At the same time,it was discovered that Wu Yun's ideological limitation of combining the governance of human relations society with the theory of Yin-Yang and the dominance of gods,etc,needs special attention to be avoided in the current process of Taoist cultural inheritance.