A Study On The Universal Subject Sentences Of "Interrogative Pronoun" In Modern Chinese

Based on the theory of "Three Perspects of Grammar ",this paper combines the Construction Grammar Theory,the Grammaticalization Theory,the Subjectivity Theory,the Reality and Virtual Theory,the Cognitive Linguistics Theory,and combined with qualitative and quantitative,combined with diachronic study and synchronic study,combined with macro and micro,to classify,describe and analyze the Universal Subject Sentences of "Interrogative Pronoun”in Modern Chinese.The full text is divided into eight chapters:The first chapter is an introduction that includes following aspects.First,why the author chooses this topic and what is the object of this research;second,what is the theoretical basis,research methods and sources of the materials in this paper;third,what is the research status of the question pronouns.The second chapter is the re-examination of the nature and characteristics of the Universal Subject Sentences of "Interrogative Pronoun" from the perspective of diachronic development.We also try to determine the scope of it based on previous research results and discuss its classification and other related content.The third chapter is the research and discussion of the Universal Subject Sentences refer to the things.We take the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shenme(??)"as the representative of the discussion.According to the degree of grammar of "Shenme(??)”,we divide the Universal Subject Sentences of"Shenme(??)"into three types:the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shenmei(?? 1)" refer to the specific thing,the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shenme2(?? 2)" refer to the abstract thing and other metaphorical meaning,and the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shenme3(?? 3)" expresses the meaning of the subjective emotional.From three perspects of grammar,we respectively describe the three types of the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shenme(??)" about the syntactic and semantic characteristics of the sentence composition,and analysis the semantic relationship between the Subject and the Predicates of the sentence,admittance criterion and semantic suppression,synonym expression effect,subjectivity and other issues.The fourth chapter is the research and discussion of the Universal Subject Sentences refer to the human beings.We take the Universal Subject Sentences of"Shui(?)" as the representative of the discussion.According to the degree of grammar of "Shui(?)",we divide the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shui(?)"into two types:the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shui1(? 1)" refer to the specific persons and the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shui2(? 2)" refer to the sbstract persons to express the meaning of the subjective emotional.From three perspects of grammar,we explore and analyze two types of the Universal Subject Sentences of "Shui(?)"about the properties and characteristics.The fifth chapter is the research and discussion of the Universal Subject Sentences refer to the place.We take the Universal Subject Sentences of "Nar(??)"as the representative of the discussion.According to the degree of grammar of "Nar(??)",we divide the Universal Subject Sentences of "Nar(??)"into three types:the Universal Subject Sentences of "Nar1(??1)" refer to the specific location,the Universal Subject Sentences of "Nar2(?? 2)" refer to object parts and other metaphorical meaning,and the Universal Subject Sentences of "Nar3(?? 3)"express the meaning of the subjective emotional.From three perspects of grammar,we explore and analyze three types of the Universal Subject Sentences of "Nar(??)"about the properties and characteristics.The sixth chapter is the research and discussion of the Universal Subject Sentences refer to the action character.We take the Universal Subject Sentences of"Zenme(??)" as the representative of the discussion.According to the degree of grammar of "Zenme(??)",we divide the Universal Subject Sentences of "Zenme(??)"into three types:the Universal Subject Sentences of "Zenme1(?? 1)"refer to the specific actions,the Universal Subject Sentences of "Zenme2(?? 2)"refer to the abstract actions,and the Universal Subject Sentences of "Zenme3(??3)" express the meaning of the subjective emotional.From three perspects of grammar,we explore and analyze three types of the Universal Subject Sentences of"Zenme(??)" about the sentence nature and characteristics.The seventh chapter is the research and discussion of the Universal Subject Sentences of the time category and quantity category.Since the grammaticalization of the interrogative pronouns of referring to time and quantity is not deep,and there are no different sub-categories inside,we conduct an overall research and discussion on the Universal Subject Sentences of referring to time and quantity.We describe the syntactic and semantic characteristics of the components from three perspects of grammar,and analyze the semantic relationship,admittance criterion,semantic suppression,synth expression effect,subjectivity and so on.Chapter 8 is the summary of the full paper and expounds the innovation and shortcomings of this paper as a conclusion.