A Study On The Asymmdetry Of Personal Pronouns In Oral Structure "Zhe+Personal Pronoun+Jiu+VP+Le"

"Zhe+Personal Pronoun+ Jiu+VP+Le" is a common oral structure in modern Chinese.Personal pronouns that can enter this structure are "ni","wo","nin","ta(he)/ta(she)","wo men","ni men" and "zan men".Through the analysis of the structural components,we know that the pragmatic function of "zhe" is to draw the listener’s attention to where the speaker’s attention is,and its textual function is cohesion.“le" is a modal words,which has variants in structure.This thesis analyzes the VP in the structure from three aspects:grammatical nature,syllable number and emotional semantics.It is concluded that the restriction condition of VP in the prototype structure of "Zhe+Personal Pronoun+Jiu+VP+Le" is a trisyllabic phrase or disyllabic words with negative emotion and negative meaning.By analyzing the personal pronouns entering this structure,it is found that is obvious asymmetry between singular and plural personal pronouns within the whole personal pronoun category;at the same time,in the singular personal pronouns,the first,second and third person pronouns are asymmetric.Taking "Zhe+Ni+Jiu+VP+Le" and "Zhe+Wo+Jiu+VP+Le" which are the most frequently used in this structure as the teaching objects,this thesis analyzes them under the guidance of trinitarian grammar and designs the teaching based on them.On the structure form,their prototype structure forms are "Zhe+Ni+Jiu+negative negation double syllable simple phrase+Le" and "Zhe+Wo+Jiu+negative negation triple syllable simple phrase+Le".In terms of pragmatic functions,the structures of "ni" and "wo" can represent seven types of pragmatic functions,but their core functions are different.The core function of "Zhe+Ni+Jiu+VP+Le" is function 5,which indicates the speaker’s doubt,disapproval or opposition.The core function of "Zhe+Wo+Jiu+VP+Le" is function 2,which emphasizes the speaker’s confidence.This shows that when the first personal pronoun and the second personal pronoun as participants enter the same structure,the pragmatic functions expressed by their structures are asymmetric.In the functional context,the typical context of the core function of "Zhe+Wo+Jiu+VP+Le" is"question and answer occasions for help",and the typical context of the core function of"Zhe+Ni+Jiu+VP+Le" is "private debate occasions".The structure of "Zhe+personal pronouns+Jiu+VP+Le" personal pronouns in the form and function of the asymmetry are described.At the formal Level,in the whole personal pronoun category which can enter this structure,singular personal pronoun is unmarked,plural personal pronoun is marked;In the category of singular personal pronouns that can enter this structure,the first and second personal pronouns are unmarked items,and the third personal pronouns are marked items.In terms of function,in the structure "Zhe+Ni+Jiu+VP+Le",function 5 is an unmarked item,and in the structure "Zhe+Wo+Jiu+VP+Le",function 2 and function 1(A condition or reason that appears to the speaker to be the condition or reason that VP can be implemented)are unmarked items.Finally,with the help of cognitive grammar,markedness theory and pragmatics,the reasons for the asymmetry of personal pronouns in this structure are analyzed.At the teaching Level,this thesis provides a relatively specific teaching design for oral structure,which has certain practical value.At the theoretical Level,it has certain theoretical value to take a relatively new perspective and use the knowledge of different fields to analyze the causes of the asymmetry in form and function of personal pronouns that can enter the same structure.