Research On Village Culture Construction In The Primary Stage Of Socialism

Before 1949,the village culture maintained a strong historical inertia with little change.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,a series of movements,including land reform,cooperative transformation,people's communes,transformed rural areas,smashed the power of landlords and gentry,broke the structure of families and established a direct relationship between the state and peasants.Under the intervention of the new regime,the traditional village culture was replaced by a new socialist village culture.First of all,in politics,the people's communes were established and became the new authoritative institutions that replaced the family organizations based on blood relationship.Secondly,the mode of production of villages was changed economically.The new political authoritative organizations mastered the power of resources distribution in villages and abolished the production and distribution functions of families.Thirdly,on the concept,traditional values were replaced by Marxism and Leninism,Socialism and Communism.Fourthly,in the system,the socialist system that was based on public ownership and the formal judicial norms had been established to replace the traditional village customs and family norms.Due to the building of the mechanism of collective ownership and collective labor and unified distribution,it changed privately-owned land relations and the mode of production of household labor.However,the rural productivity has not increased significantly.In addition,some functions of the traditional family relationship have not disappeared completely.For example,the settlement structure based on natural villages has not changed.,the household registration system has limited the population mobility,and farming is still the main source of livelihood in the villages.All these reasons,which lead to the foundation of the traditional village culture,has not been completely shaken.Once the political power is removed,the village culture shows a tendency of returning to tradition.After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CPC,the material productive forces in rural areas have achieved unprecedented growth with the establishment and development of socialist market economy.With the implementation of the household contract responsibility system,the production function of the family has been confirmed again.Individual farmers have been liberated from the collective barriers,the enthusiasm and initiative of farmers for economic development has been greatly released,and the continuous material growth has gradually dissolved the foundation of the existence of traditional village culture.The changes of village culture caused by the economic growth are mainly reflected in the following aspects.First,the rural economy start to develop from single agricultural economy to diversified economy of agriculture,industry and commerce;Secondly,the large-scale population mobility has gradually broken the closed pattern of traditional village culture.Thirdly,the concept of interests closely related to the market economy increasingly disintegrates the etiquette and custom of the traditional village culture,and the ability,the wealth and status become the measured standard to everything.With the development of marketing economy,extreme individualism has widely spread,which results in the appearance of series of social problem.Rebuilding of the moral system of village society has become the mission of village culture construction.Marxism-Leninism,Mao Zedong Thought and Theoretical System of socialism with Chinese characteristics are the important guiding ideology for village culture construction,and the important thought of Marx,Engels and other classical scholars plays a leading role in village culture construction.The Basic National Conditions of the primary stage of socialism are the important basis for the construction of village culture,which cannot go beyond or lag behind the primary stage of socialism.At the micro level,the construction of village culture should focus on the subjectivity,publicity,long-term institutional performance and the construction of grass-roots organizations.The chapters follow the logic of thinking from history to reality.The first chapter explains the research questions,research significance,research status,research methods,research paths and core concepts of the research.The second chapter sorts out the relevant theories of the village culture construction in the primary stage of socialism,including the exposition of the thought of cultural construction by Marxist classical writers,the Theory of the Primary Stage of Socialism,and the theory of village construction in the 1920 s and1930s.The third chapter summarizes the theory and practice of the Chinese Communist Party's village culture construction in the new democratic revolution period and the socialist revolution period,which laid a solid foundation for the village culture construction in the primary stage of socialism.The fourth chapter summarizes the ways and methods,basic characteristics and main achievements of the CPC in the construction of village culture after the establishment of the socialist system.Chapter five summarizes the influence,basic characteristics and main achievements of rural economic reform on village culture from the reform and opening-up to the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC.Chapter six and seven analyze the current situation of village culture,and put great emphasis on the current situation of village culture and regional differences on four aspects,the clan culture,religious culture,custom culture,and ethics culture.Chapter eight analyzes the reasons for the problem of current village culture and current village culture construction,and the strategies for the village culture construction in the primary stage of socialism.At last,it summarizes the whole thesis.