A Study On The Novels Of Eastern Zhou Nations In Ming And Qing Dynasties

The theme novels of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Ming and Qing Dynasties refer to the novels about the history or characters of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Ming and Qing Dynasties.There are 21 novels in existence today,represented by Yu Shaoyu's Lie Guo Zhi Zhuan,Feng Menglong's Xin Lie Guo Zhi and Cai Yuanfang's Dong Zhou Lie Guo Zhi.In addition to the above three books,the academic circles pay little attention to other works on this subject,and there are only a handful of people who discuss it from the overall level.Based on this,the thesis takes Ming and Qing Dynasties as the chronology,and makes a systematic and comprehensive study on the novels of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.The theme novels of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Ming Dynasty are divided into four categories: historical romance,heroic legend,biographical novels and other novels.The historical romance types are Yu Shaoyu's Lie Guo Zhi Zhuan and Feng Menglong's Xin Lie Guo Zhi,which are developed on the basis of historical records and storytelling script in Song and Yuan Dynasties.Compared with the previous generation's works with the same theme,they tend to be realistic and elegant,and their narrative art has also been improved.There are only one heroic legend of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Ming Dynasty,Sun Pang Dou Zhi Yan Yi,which is influenced by the novel tendency of "Legends and Fantasies" in the late Ming Dynasty,and its content is absurd.It also shows a tendency of being mixed with historical romances and magic novels,and its writing of princes and princes is also secular.In Ming Dynasty,there are three biographical novels related to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty: the anonymous biography of Guo Chao Zhong Zhuan,the anonymous biography of Kong Sheng Zong Shi Chu Shen Quan Zhuan,and Feng Menglong's Gu Jin Lie Nv Zhuan Yan Yi.As biographical novels,they are both factual and readable,and have a strong Confucian enlightenment.In terms of language,both classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese are used,which combines the advantages of biographical literature and novel.There are two main types of other novels about the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Ming Dynasty: simulated storytelling scripts and allegorical novels.When selecting materials,the simulated storytelling scripts emphasize the selection of classic stories for literati adaptation,which makes the works have a strong color of the times,not only reflects the trend of thought of "the confluence of three religions" in the late Ming Dynasty,but also shows obvious admonition.Allegorical novels are mostly allegorical,which to some extent focus on current events.However,influenced by the farcical novels prevailing in the late Ming Dynasty,the humor of the works is enhanced,but the allegory is generally inferior to that of the previous generation.The novels of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Qing Dynasty are divided into five categories: historical romance,heroic legend,erotic novels,magic novels and other novels.Historical Romance works include Cai Yuanfang's Dong Zhou Lie Guo Zhi,Yang Yong's Lie Guo Zhi Ji Yao,and Lv Fu's Nian Yi Shi Tong Su Yan Yi,all of them were compiled from Kangxi to Qianlong in Qing Dynasty.In this period,influenced by the imperial court's high-pressure policy of culture and the study style of textual research in Qianjia,the novel showed a tendency to return to historical facts,and emphasized the educational style of educating people by history.There are three heroic legends of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Qing Dynasty:Hou Qi Guo Zhi Yue Tian Yan Yi by Yan Shui San Ren,Gui Gu Si You Zhi by Yang Jingchang,and Re Xue Hen by Li Liangcheng.In the process of development,these three books had merged and diverged from historical romance.Compared with Ming Dynasty,the social consciousness of the novels is more prominent,which is closely related to the alien identity of the ruling class and its cultural policy in Qing Dynasty.The only Eastern Zhou Dynasty erotic novel in Qing Dynasty is Zhu Lin Ye Shi,which is a patchwork of other books.It has obvious pattern characteristics and its artistic achievements are not superb.However,the novel presents a strong thought of karma,and the object of retribution is mainly men,showing a relatively progressive view of women.There are Feng Jian Chun Qiu and Zou Ma Chun Qiu,which have been handed down from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty supernatural-evil novels in Qing Dynasty.These two books are obviously mixed,not only the novel types are mixed,but also the characters and plot patterns of the works are mostly collected from Xi You Ji and Feng Shen Yan Yi,with obvious traces of follow-up.In addition,these two books also have a strong folk color and street flavor,and consciously cater to the meaning of people in character shaping and plot arrangement,in order to improve the reader's interest.In addition,there are two kinds of novels on the subjects of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Qing Dynasty:simulated storytelling scripts and newspaper novels.The representative works of simulated storytelling scripts are Jie Zhi Tui Huo Feng Du Fu and Fan Shao Bo Shui Zang Xi Shi of Dou Peng Xian Hua.By reversing the historical facts,they show the thoughts of the adherents of the early Qing Dynasty on the subjugation of the country.Newspapers novels about the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the late Qing Dynasty are Created based on the history of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty,which convey the ideas of literati in politics,culture,education and many other aspects,and have a distinct color of the times and obvious social practical functions.In Ming and Qing Dynasties,the evolution of novels with the theme of Sun Bin is the most typical.The evolution of Sun Bin's story in Ming and Qing novels is the result of political environment and cultural background,novelist's compiling motivation,readers' aesthetics and other factors.The legendary nature of Sun Bin's deeds in history,the innovation of novelists' creations and the stimulation of folk beliefs are the important reasons for the enduring popularity of Sun Bin's theme novels.In Ming and Qing Dynasties,the novels of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty have certain uniqueness.Compared with the storytelling script in Song and Yuan Dynasties,they are characterized by advocating Confucianism and paying attention to the expression of subjective consciousness and some books also have comedy color.Compared with other novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the novels of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty were polarized in terms of fiction and reality,resulting in some books of "speaking for the saints",which also involve a variety of novel types.The Eastern Zhou novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties have a unique position in the history of Chinese fiction,and have had a profound impact on the compilation of other novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties,the development of opera and folk art of other subjects,and the cultivation of national spirit.