Research On The Adaptability Efficiency Of PPP In The Services For Older People

The report of the 19th NPC pointed out:The major social contradictions in our country have been transformed into the contradictions between the ever-growing need for a better life and unbalanced development.In the face of the explosion of the older population and the weakening of the family support,our government has introduced the participation of the private sector in order to expand the supply of services for older people and improve service efficiency.The cooperation model of government and private sector in the service industry,Public-Private Partnerships(PPP),is the research topic of this paper.According to the"adaptive efficiency" theory in economics,the allocation efficiency of resources in the system should adapt to the external environment to ensure the growth of institutional efficiency,and the adaptability is ultimately tested by efficiency.One of the important goals of the quasi-public goods for the old-age service is to achieve efficiency,which is reflected in whether it promotes economic growth.Therefore,its adaptive efficiency is reflected in two levels.The first level is to adapt to the level of economic development,and the final goal is economic growth effect.The research ideas of this paper are as follows:Chapter 1 puts forward research questions,designs research framework and defines basic concepts.In Chapter 2,the theoretical framework of this paper is constructed based on public goods theory and adaptive efficiency theory.It is also article review;Chapter 3 summarizes the development and status quo of PPP model in China's old-age service,paving the way for the empirical research in the following chapters;Chapter 4 is the first level of "economic adaptability":puts the economic adaptation level of input under the PPP model for calculation;Chapter 5 is the second level of"economic adaptability":verifies the hypothesis that the old-age service investment contributes to economic development under the PPP model;Chapter 6 aims to sovle the third question of adaptive efficiency,that is how to adapt?Beijing is selected as a typical case study to explain the specific reasons for the economic adaptability problems mentioned in the previous two chapters;Chapter 7 makes conclusion of the whole paper and points the lack of research,and then proposes policy implications for the development of PPP investment in old-age service.Based on the theory of "public goods" and "adaptive efficiency",this paper analyzes the following three main problems:First,whether the investment in services under the PPP model is compatible with the level of economic development.What are the characteristics of the overall level and regional heterogeneity of adaptation in the past decade?Second,does the investment in old-age service under the PPP model promote economic development?What is the difference in economic growth effects in different regions?Third,can we get a path for future PPP investment optimization through case studies of typical cities?The following conclusions are obtained:First,PPP investment and economic development in the old-age service are at a higher level of adaptation.But the adaptation level is lower from the perspective of elasticity index.The growth rate of PPP investment lags behind the economic growth rate.With the advent of the new normal of China's economy,these features are particularly evident in 2015-2016.Whether it is government investment or private sector investment,it has serious policy orientation and has not formed an investment growth mechanism that is compatible with economic development.The level of economic adaptability of private sector investment in home and community care services has declined since 2014.In terms of regional differences,the regional imbalance of government input is the most significant,and private sector investment basically adapts to the characteristics of regional economic development in the eastern,central,western,and northeastern regions.The eastern region has gathered more PPP resources,such as Shanghai,Beijing,and Jiangsu,however,still lags behind economic development.At the same time,the economic adaptation level of PPP investment in some provinces and cities in the western region needs to be improved.Second,the government investment and private sector investment in the old-age service have a positive effect on the economic development.The government's investment in the PPP model has a stronger economic growth effect,wheras,the impact of private sector investment on economic development is weak.Judging from the regional heterogeneity of economic growth effects,both government investment and private sector investment have the most obvious effect on the economic development in the central and western regions.Investments in the eastern region and the northeast region have no significant impact on economic development.Thirdly,Beijing is selected as a case study in view of the fact that PPP investment in the eastern region lags behind economic development and does not play a role in promoting economic growth.The paper finds that the development environments of PPP mode in the old-age service are very different in each administrative regions.It is necessary to achieve policy tilt to guide the flow of private sector in one city.The use and evaluation of the old-age services under the PPP model are influenced by and regional financial support,subsidies,policy support,the density of old-age service providers,the family structure of the older people and the income of the older people.Thus the policy implications for the future investment in the optimization of old-age service are obtained.