Research On The Historical Evolution Of The United Front Policy Of Private Economy Since The Reform And Opening Up

Since the reform and opening up,as China steadily advances the socialist market economy,private economy has been growing and private business owners have gradually become a new social class in China.It is urgent for the Communist Party of China to find out the ways of correctly leading private business owners to become qualified builders of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and always closely unite around the Party Central Committee.This paper focuses on the evolution of the policies of the united front work of the private economy,firmly grasps the united front work of the private economy,and provides practical experience and suggestions for further improving the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy and guiding the united front work of the private economy.This paper carries out the holistic research based on the summary-deduction-summary structure.Firstly,it explains the concept and theory of the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy.Secondly,it systematically discusses the three evolutionary stages of the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy:exploratory development,increasing improvement,and vertical deepening.Thirdly,it clarifies the evolutionary trend and historical experience of the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy.Finally,it points out four aspects,in which the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy need to be optimized and strengthened.It elaborates the contents as follows:Firstly,it defines the connotation of the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy,and explores its functional realization mechanism.Based on the quadruple dimensions of policy definition,namely,policy object,policy-making subject,policy objective and policy field,it believes that the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy,formulated by the party and the state,are the sum of a series of methods and regulations.They aim to cultivate qualified builders of socialism with Chinese characteristics,focus on the development of the private economy and the growth of private business owners,and ensure private business owners to have confidence by creating a good developmental environment and uniting the owners with specific methods.It divides the main principles and policies into two categories of political understanding and political guidance.The principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy can be realized by three ways of political guidance,political absorption and party adjustment.Political guidance focuses on realizing "Two Health" and pays attention to cultivating the values of policy and business management and social responsibility of private business owners.Political absorption is not only an important form,in which the Party carries out the united front work and implements its principles and policies,but also an important channel,through which private business owners better participate in politics and the Party consolidates leadership.Party adjustment refers to the ability of a party to adjust itself to adapt to social development.In the face of the new social strata,the Party promptly formulates the united front principles and policies,carries out the united front work,actively absorbs private business owners,makes the adjustment of organizational structures and strata relations,and urges to maintain its own advanced nature in the development and change of times.Secondly,it systematically discusses the evolutionary process of the principles and policies of united front work of the private economy,and summarizes the process as three stages of exploratory development,increasing improvement and vertical deepening.In the early stage of reform and opening up,the united front principles and policies of the private economy are in the stage of exploratory development.The Party formulated the "Eight Character Policy",which defined the new mission of managing the Federation of Industry and Commerce and guiding the private economy.Since the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the united front principles and policies of the private economy have been increasingly improved,and private business owners have become builders of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and political guiding principles and policies such as "Two Health" and"Two Unshakable" have been put forward successively.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party and the state have further deepened the united front principles and policies of the the private economy.General Secretary Xi Jinping made the conclusion that "private enterprises and private business owners are our friends",deepening the understanding of "Two Health" and constructing a new type of relationship between government and businessmen.Thirdly,it summarizes the three trends and eight experiences of the evolution of principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy.In terms of policy values,principles and policies have obvious service tendency;in terms of the change of the status of policy objects,private business owners are in higher and higher status;in terms of the effect of policy implementation,the governance efficiency is increasingly prominent.From the historical evolution of the principles and policies of the united front work of the private economy,it can be seen that eight important experiences of the principles and policies of the united front work of China's economy:the mission oriented party maintains its characteristics forever,which is the decisive factor for its policy formulation;the primary stage of socialism is the basis of national conditions for policy formulation;common prosperity is the value guide of the principles and policies;public opinions promote policy formulation;international environment brings uncertainty factors to policy formulation;the principles and policies focus on the interests of private business owners;the principles and policies attach great importance to cultivating the sense of social responsibility of private business owners;the principles and policies are promoted in coordination with the socialist market economic system.Fourthly,it further proposes to optimize and strengthen the united front principles and policies of the private economy from the following four aspects:From the perspective of the development process of the times,with more than 40 years of reform and opening up,private business owners are generally faced with the shifting of duty."The second generation of private business owners" faces three tests in the shifting of duty.The Party and the state should pay more attention to the shifting of duty of enterprises;carry out political guidance based on the characteristics of "the second generation of private business owners",and pay attention to the ways and contents of political guidance;boost "the second generation of private business owners" to improve management skills,and establish a tutorial system to effectively improve management skills of "the second generation of private business owners";pay close attention to the political growth of "the second generation of private business owners",and actively establish the corresponding industrial associations and organizations.From the perspective of the important mechanism of the implementation of the united front principles and policies,it is necessary to further optimize political arrangement policies,namely,strictly enforcing political arrangement standards of private business owners,highlighting the differences of enterprises,and playing the role of their democratic supervision.From the perspective of the sound developmental guidance of the private economy,the United Front Department should actively formulate the corresponding political guiding principles and policies combined with the current situation of the private economy and the domestic and foreign situation,pay close attention to the problems existing in the Internet private economy,carry forward the entrepreneurship,protect the labor rights and interests of Internet corporate practitioners,and strengthen the function of the Federation of Industry and Commerce in serving the private economy.From the perspective of the organizational support for the implementation of the united front principles and policies,it is still necessary to further improve party organizations of private enterprises.Specifically speaking,the United Front Department should focus on setting up party organizations of small and micro enterprises;fully understand the relationship between party organizations and private enterprises;scientifically play the connective,coordinated and demonstrative role of party organizations in private economy based on developmental needs of private enterprises;enhance the vitality of party organizations of private enterprises.