Family Social Capital And Migrant Children's Education Attainment

Since the 1990s,the trend of migrant workers "family" enhanced obviously,a large number of migrant children,followed their parents,go to cities for study and life.In order to protect migrant children's right to receive education,the state has put forward a policy,that is "the government receiving the inflow of the children of migrant workers should be responsible for their compulsory education and these children should be mainly enrolled in public primary and middle schools"."Two-oriented" approach fundamentally guaranteed the equal rights of migrant children to receive compulsory education,but with the growth of the migrant children,"enrollment after junior high school" issue was placed in front.By the end of 2012,a series of college matriculation policy and remote test policy put forward for migrant children from place to place makes it possible.Migrant children to enter a higher school is a complex process,it involved in many factors,such as social policies,individual achievement,the capital of the family.Family is an important intermediate link to connecting the socio-economic,cultural factors and adolescent educational attainment.This study investigated some of the middle school students in Zhejiang Province and based on the received data to explore the influence of family social capital on education attainment.In order to depict the picture of education attainment of migrant children more clearly,the study use Amos as analyze tool and choose a comparative perspective to compare the situation of family social capital,education attainment between the urban and rural,the internal and external to find out the family social capital's similarities and differences on education attainment mechanism.The comparative analysis findings are as the following:Firstly,in the current situation of urban-rural split the difference between urban and rural areas is greater than the inside and outside,urban adolescents significantly better than rural adolescents in all aspects;Compared with rural adolescents,migrant children come from Zhejiang Province has an advantage of urbanization;Migrant children come from other Province are at a disadvantage,the difference between the level of their attending school and the diversion after junior high school is most obvious.Secondly,the social closure affect surban and rural adolescentsin education attainment and intergenerational closure has a great influence on it.In social closure,intergenerational closure,parent-child communication,parental education participation has a different impact on adolescents' education attainment in both urban and rural areas.Parent-child communication and intergenerational closure can positively promote school involvement and academic performance of children,parental education participationexist "negative selection" in children academic performance and has a negative influence in it.In the city group,parent-child communication influence greatly,in the rural group,the greatest impact comes from intergenerational closure,particularly in the group which migrant children are all come from other province,intergenerational closure has a profound impact far beyond the influence of other latent variables.Thirdly,social network has a weak influence in adolescents' academic education attainment.New Year network has an influence on education attainment in the city group and the rural group.Due to the city“lack of embedding",the migrant family's New Year network situation has a little effect on diversion,but the situation of parental group participation is more largely affect children's education attainment.The group participation situation can affect urban and rural adolescents'elementary school level,and then the junior high school admission;In migrant family which come from other province,it will directly affect the condition of children's middle school admission,and in this group,social networks influence significantly.Fourthly,educational expectation is an important mediating variable to shift family social capital to children cultural capital.Urban and rural households are all have high expectations for their children,the difference in it is that the urban households have a higher level.In the transition process,parental expectation turn to children expectation is the key.Parental expectation on children academic expectation's affect is far beyond than other latent variable's affect.Children academic expectation on academic situation is also the same.Education expectation showed a positive effect in each group for education attainment.Fifthly,family obligation is another important mediating variable.Urban and rural adolescents all have a higher sense of family obligation.Family social capital affect children's family obligation and according to this agency to affect school involvement and academic achievement.The effect of family obligation to different groups adolescents is inconsistent.For the city group and come from other province group,family obligation has a positive impact;but to the rural group,although family obligation can urge education improvement,it also bring a negative impact on academic performance;for migrant children come from Zhejiang Province,family obligation has negative effects.Based on the above research results,this study get the comprehensive conclusion that migrant family use some mechanisms to shift family social capital to children cultural capital.Such as cultural reproduction mechanisms(including parental involvement mechanism,education expectation mechanism and family obligation mechanism),resource conversion mechanism(social network resources such as New Year network,group participation convert to children education expectation,family obligation and the opportunity to enter a higher school).In this progress,cultural reproduction mechanisms and resource conversion mechanism fight with education triage mechanism and lead to intergenertion upwords mobility or reproduction.