A Study On The Factors Influencing The Implementation Of Ethnic Education Policies

Comprehensive rule of law is the legal guarantee for the realization of the Chinese dream.The rule of law in the field of education reflected as "managing education by law",which includes not only to establish a complete educational legal system,efficient law enforcement system,strict legal supervision system,strong legal supervision system and so on,but also the function change of educational department,running and managing the schools by law.The educational policy is the code of conduct for the nation to guide educational activities.The process of education policies must be conducted under the background of the rule of law.The formulation,implementation and supervision of education policies need to be carried out according to law.The implementation of education policies is an important part of implementing educational activities and it's also a concrete manifestation of the administration by law.Ethnic Education is an important part of education system in our country.The policy guarantee,legal support are significant forces to promote the development of ethnic education.The activities of ethnic education policies are highly complex,involving policy-making,policy implementation,policy evaluation and so forth,which is a dynamic cycle process.The object of this study is the implementation activities of ethnic education policy.Limited by time and energy,the author analyzes the implementation processes and the results,and then summarizes the related factors which influence the effects of policy implementation.This study bases on the complexity theory,which provides guidance to implementation of ethnic education policy from epistemology dimension,practical level and methodology level.Epistemology dimension breaks simple implementation of research policy paradigms and single policy perspective.The methodological level multidisciplinary quantitative research methods and qualitative research methods.This study starts from theories and realities,analyzing he factors which influence the effectiveness of policy implementation.At last this paper provides countermeasures and suggestions on improving the effectiveness of policy implementation pertinently.The core concept of this paper is ethnic education policy implementation,which defined on the concepts of ethnic education policy and education policy implementation.The theoretical basis concludes the relevant theories and models in domestic and foreign studies of policy execution.Such as top-down,bottom-up and integrated mode,and six kinds of theoretical models of policy implementation.The status of implementation of the Ethnic Education Policy in Qinghai Province is the realitic basis.Take Haixi and Hainan as cases study,through questionnaire,interview and other forms to describe the current implementation of ethnic education policy.Under the guidance of theory and practice,the author divides the factors into three dimensions:perspective of the implementation itself:agency perspective and human perspective.The policy implementation activities include the interpretation to policy texts and the choice to policy instruments.Generality and vagueness of the text diversities the policy understanding,increases the elastic space of policy implementation,promotes the use of discretion,and increases the difficulty of policy implementation.The coupling system of policy text is also influence policy implementation.Whether the policy implementation tools tally the text and the implementation environment is also the influencing factor.The institutional environment includes the guarantee of ethnic education law system,the establishment of education organizations and the influence of educational operation mechanism.It becomes the inviolable frame of influencing the policy implementation because of its mandatory constraint.In current,ethnic education law system is not complete,which exists low level,poor expression.There aren't organizations on ethnic education.The operation mechanisms rely too much on administrative constraints,short of service and guidance.Any policies are aimed at promoting human development.The human is the most important effect of policy implementation.Other factors works through influencing people's activities.Man is the target group of the policy and the subjectivity of implementation.Both the internal and external environment factors influence personal implementation activity Interests are the fundamental factors influencing individual behavior Implementations of the Ethnic Education Policy group include education officials,school principals,teachers,students,community groups.They are directly take part in policy implementation,or impact of policy implementation activities through related activities.Ethnic education policy activities means interests distribution.It will face execution between the various groups.Awareness on the ethnic education,ethnic education policy,personal abilities,environmental of policy and ethnic socio-cultural influence affects the individual's activities.According to the analysis of relevant factors affecting the effectiveness of policy implementation,this paper aims to take appropriate measures to improve the effectiveness of policy implementation from several aspects,such as the awareness of ethnic education,the understanding of ethnic education policies,the perfection of the system environment,the elevation of executive ability,the supervision and feedback mechanism and so on.The author make the exploration to the model of ethnic education policy implementation,that is a top-down,bottom-up,from the inside and the outside,from the outside in policy implementation network.It aims to build a people-centered policy implementation network.Its guiding principle is to promote the development of human beings.Its basic structure is the overall planning of vertical horizontal co-ordination.It stresses the operation in a grid and its dynamical system is to protect the individual and collective interests.