Service Function Of Farmer Specialized Cooperatives:Theoretic And Empirical Study

"Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer" issue is the most important national work, and the farmers'issue is the core issue of that, which most concerns about the farmers'basic income. Therefore farmer specialized cooperatives are the effective organization to solve the "Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer" issue, which the farmers are the main members and the goal of that is maximizing the interests of members. Farmer specialized cooperative is the most direct and effective agricultural services organization with the purpose of serving members. It can reduce the risk and uncertainties of farmers'market through the service function, in addition it internalizes externalities, reduces barriers to trade and achieves economies of scale, raises the value added of products. The most critical is that, compared with other service organizations, farmer specialized cooperative is the organization represents the interests of farmers. Therefore, farmer specialized cooperative is entering a new vigorous development stage driving by the demand of fanners and the attention of government.However, with the rapid development of China's farmer specialized cooperative, the service functions of cooperative are also facing some problems and challenges. First, the cooperative members' don't comprehensive understand the service functions, which mainly focus on the agricultural resource supply, technical guidance, product sales and other lower levels service, ignoring the demand for products processing services. Secondly, the cooperative is lacking of service supply capability of its own, which due to the lack of labor and money. Third, the degree of realization of cooperative service functions is not well developed, because of the problems of members'cognitive, the capabilities of cooperative service supply and the institutive security of service. How do these problems generate, and how to solve them? This are significant important for the realization of cooperative service function and ultimately promote members' incomes.Therefore, based on relative theory and existing research results, combined with the actual situation of China's development of cooperatives, this study establishes the framework of cooperative service function, attempts to systematically analyzes the cooperative service, which specifically as follows: First, from the perspective of the agricultural industry value chain, this study divides service function of farmer specialized cooperatives into four parts for subsequent research, namely the supply of agricultural resource service, standardization service of production management, product marketing service, products processing services.Secondly, based on these four service functions, combined the characteristics of product in each industry, this study discusses the demand for services of cooperatives' members, as well as the service function supply of farmers' cooperatives, and this study analyzes the evolution logic of service function of farmer specialized cooperatives driving by supply and demand, forms a integral theoretical framework of service function of farmer specialized cooperatives.Thirdly, based on the theoretical framework of service function of farmer specialized cooperatives, combined with resource-based theory, using238cooperative organizations and531members survey data in Zhejiang, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, this study analyzes the demand, supply and implementation of service function of farmer specialized cooperatives, and empirical analyzes the main impact factors of that. First, using531members' data, statistical description of their basic situation, basic understanding of cooperatives and the demand of cooperative service; while empirical analyzes the factors that influence their demand for cooperative service functions.Second, using238cooperatives data, this study describes the status of cooperatives and the service supply of cooperatives; while empirical analyzes the factors influence the service supply of cooperatives. Third, using238cooperative organizations and531members data, the study analyzes the degree of realization of the cooperative service functions and the improvement of members' welfare and analyzes the way of the implementation of service functions:in addition this study empirical study the degree of the implementation of service functions.In addition, through the use of case study method, this study selects Heilongjiang grain cooperatives case, illustrates the evolution path of cooperative services.Finally, based on the aforementioned study, the main conclusions are as follows:(1) the product characteristics have an influence on service demand, service supply and service implementation.(2) the human resource and production resource of members may obstruct the demand for services, and the cooperative organizations resources may promote the service demand, and financial support, policies may guide the demand.(3) the human resource and market resource may obstruct the service demand and service implementation, while financial support, policies provide the possibility for realizing the service supply and service implementation.(4) the relevant institution of cooperative service security, such as agricultural resource prices, product prices, the secondary rebate may directly affect the degree of realization services;(5) With the role of these factors, the service demand and service supply are continued acting and reacting, which ultimately format the cooperatives evolution path. Based on the main conclusions, combined with the actual situation of China, the study have some policy implications from three aspects, namely the members of the cooperative level, the level of cooperative organizations, cooperatives external environment.