The Research On New Economic And Trade Strategy Within China And Low And Middle Income Developing Countries

The past three decades see the emergence of China's dynamic economy developmentachievements. China, as the one of the biggest world's middle-income countries,whose progress and economy expansion is the envy of many other states; With theimplementation of China's export diversification strategy, China continues to maintaina good and close relationship with the advanced countries, but at the same time, Chinaenlarge increasingly the cooperation with the LMI countries, especially the LMIs inAsia-Pacific, Africa, Latin America areas. China has huge economic volume, evenafter the financial crisis in2008is still showing strong economic performance, theinternational community generally increased expectations of China in internationalaffairs. How to strengthen cooperation with developing countries, to seek win-winsituation adequately which represents the wishes and requirements of China'sdevelopment, and in order to achieve a comprehensive upgrade of China'scomprehensive national strength are the premise of this writing.The paper analyzes the status and trends of development of trade and investment withChina and the rest of143LMIs, sums up the characteristics of China and thesecountries merchandise trade and commodity trade structure; the characteristics ofservice trade status and structure between China and African countries; thecharacteristics of inflow and outflow investment and the invested fields; According tothe status quo of China and middle-income countries cooperation mechanism, thepaper analysis the existed problems and gives the suggestions to solve them. Finally,the paper made pertinent comments and suggestions for China and LMIs on theeconomic and trade cooperation. Institutional levels of the article is as follows:Chapter ? sets out the background and significance of the topics of the paper, liststhe center of this research content, respectively, carries out a detailed literature reviewon the related research results about the subject, the review of research results baseson six aspects of the detailed exposition: research on neo-colonialism, research onlow-and middle-income countries trade and investment, research on China-Africacooperation, collaborative research in Central Asia, Central and South America study;research on preferential trade arrangements for LMIs; On the basis of the preliminaryresearch of many scholars, the focus of this research and innovation, setting out theresearch methods, the research will involve a clear direction for the next step---thesiswriting.Chapter ? gives a clear definition on LMIs on the bases of World Bank, at the sametime showing the traditional classification on low-and middle-income developingcountries, involved with the general items, such as the least developed countries,landlocked developing countries and small island, which constitutes the main part ofLMIs; The paper is on the accurate basis of World Bank income criteria, which showssome fluctuations over time. Population basic social property, geographic area,poverty, health care, fertility, national education, the regime characteristics and diplomatic relations with Taiwan are summarized to find the commonalities anddifferences within the LMIs. The paper carries the resources endowmentscharacteristics on seven areas: oil, gas, coal, water, land, forests, minerals; Finally, thebasic economic attributes summarized: the condition of the transport infrastructure(roads, railways, ports, aviation), communication facilities, electricity and energysupply, changes in GDP, trade in goods and services trade situation, the debt situationmade a lot of data to collate and summarize instructions, see Appendix for details. Alot of analysis on China and these countries may show the possible cooperative fieldsfor future.Chapter ? firstly analyzes the development of its merchandise trade trends andchanges in the last60years, low-and middle-income developing countries' exportsshare of the world export market trend does not continue to rise, but there is a clearbuilding bottom rebound process, the bottom of the region in the early1970s, early90s, imports appear very similar to the situation with exports; if removes theinfluence of BRICS, the average proportion of exports and imports in the worldgenerally in the0.27%-0.09%and fluctuated between the low-and middle-incomecountries' trade participation is still very low; from the structure of exportcommodities, manufacturing exports and food exports are more important for low-andmiddle-income developing countries; import structure with emerging economiesBRIC countries on the demand for basic raw materials is not the same from theoutside world is facing competition in the global procurement market is much higherthan the internal competition, the possibility of internal cooperation. Secondly,exports and imports of merchandise trade, regional characteristics are summed,geographic distance factors have a significant impact on the export destination ofchoice, the main source of imports in low-and middle-income developing countries ishighly concentrated in developed countries inter-Arab common religious backgroundclass trade between countries more closely; third, the change in total trade in servicesand structural characteristics of the low-and middle-income developing countrieswere analyzed and summarized; fourth, attract direct investment and foreign directinvestment trends were analyzed and summarized; thus forming a generalunderstanding of the economic and trade cooperation in low-and middle-incomecountries.Chapter ? makes a detailed analysis on China and Asia, Africa, Central and SouthAmerica, Europe, Africa, small island states in low-income developing countries,trade volume changes and trade commodity structure case; sums up the trade structureon the basis of large amounts of data analysis and makes summary based on Chineseexports more widely, generally countries according to their own development needsimports of manufactured goods; relatively high proportion of minerals andcharacteristics of agricultural imports in the structure of imported goods of China.Chapter ? sorts out the situation of the development of China-Africa service trade,summarizes the meaning characteristics within China and LMIs, because of the imperfect situation in services statistics, the research is in serious lack of thecountry-specific data. It is very a low proportion of African service trade in worldservices, China's service trade is still flourish in traditional trade in services, China'sslightly in better trade in services in the high-level than Africa; and then on the statusand characteristics of the services and trade cooperation between China and Africasummed up: the traditional trade has developed steadily, modern service trade goesfast; problems in China-Africa cooperation is mainly concentrated in the smallerservice trade between China and Africa, the unrelated trade in services rely heavily onChina's unilateral support, face barriers to trade in services, the promotion ofTraditional Chinese Medicine; The paper proposes strategy suggestions onChina-Africa trade in Services.Chapter VI firstly gives the characteristics of2011China's investment situation:China's outflow investment dramatically to states with a rapid growth rate, maininvestment outflow to Oceania, Africa, Europe; The scale of investment declinesslightly in North America. Most of the investment flows to developing countries, localenterprises actively to invest overseas, investment entities increasingly diversifiedexpanding the areas of investment; then paper shows the distribution on the basis ofthe general global direct investment in the industry and the industry distribution ofChinese investment in low-and middle-income countries, mainly on the fiveinvestments sectors: electricity, mining, agriculture, banking, manufacturing. Thepaper gives a detailed analysis of industry trends and scale of investment on eachindustry. According to data of the World published by UNCTAD, it predictsinvestment attractiveness and potential of low-and middle-income countries, showingthe choices for future cooperation fields for China's investors.Chapter VII analyzes the mechanism and characteristics of China economic and tradecooperation with middle-income countries: the Doha Round of China's integrationinto the negotiation mechanism of the G20developing countries represents demandsand formation of the Group; China has started a multi-region under low-andmiddle-income countries, the layout of the building of economic and tradecooperation mechanisms; construction of low-and middle-income countries free tradezone mainly the rate of promotions and trade facilitation; China and middle-incomecountries for trade in goods open flexibility; China and in low-income countries thehigh degree of openness of trade agreements; become the bond of the development ofrelations between China's long-term assistance to low-and middle-income countries.Explore China with low and middle income countries, economic and tradecooperation mechanism: the free trade area to meet the high demand of China'sresource-based products and characteristics of agricultural products; facing theAsia-Pacific regional economic cooperation mechanisms overlapping cross thedilemma of increased complexity; Africa economic and trade cooperation mechanismcovering a small area, the lack of a normal mechanism; China and Europe in low-andmiddle-income countries cooperation mechanisms developed countries in Europe todilute; lack of institutionalization of cooperation mechanisms in China and the BRIC countries; compared with Diamond in low-and middle-income countries economicand trade cooperation lack of mechanisms; development planning non-Chinesestrategic development center in China and in low-and middle-income countries. Theprimary economic and trade cooperation problem to be solved is to strengthen theinstitutional building of China and low-income developing countries.Chapter VIII states the background on the development of China and in low-incomedeveloping countries economic and trade cooperation in the new strategy, the goal ofthe new strategy of economic and trade cooperation and principles are described, andfinally speak about policies of China and the low-and middle-income developingcountries economic and trade cooperation in the new strategy the observations andrecommendations: accelerate the formulation of development-oriented to promote theLMI self-development capacity to enhance the long-term strategy Outline, from thesystem level to establish intergovernmental, senior long-term communicationmechanism on a regular basis, accelerate the formulation and implementation of theLMI countries new preferential trade arrangements schedules, accelerate theformulation of the investment industrial Guidance Catalogue LMI countries,strengthen consultation between the relevant departments in China to developguidelines for social responsibility investment LMI countries to build the promotionof the LMI national government capacity-building and cooperation between thegovernment security system, contribute to an early conclusion of the Doha Roundnegotiations.Chapter ? states the further research points. First, to define the fields between Chinaand low-income developing countries the economic and trade cooperation in allgeographical area, especially the key industries; and how to promote the integration ofrelated projects to achieve and enhance China's economic development in the regionsto exert China's actual role and upgrade its participation. Second, to set the strategyfor China's dependence on low-income developing countries planning to implementbasic production material reserves and material support of the strategic layout. Third,how to motivate local governments in the country's strategic layout to take theinitiative and vigorously expand the degree associated with the development oflow-income developing countries, cooperation in the field of special industries, toenhance our underdeveloped regions openness and economic strength.