A Study On Economic And Trade Cooperation Between China And Mongolia Under The Framework Of Sub-regional Economic Cooperation

After the financial crisis in 2008,many new changes have taken place in the world economic.In recent years,many countries have taken different measures to overcome the threat of financial crisis;however,the world economy is still in the post-financial crisis era.The trend of economic globalization is slowing down,and regional economic integration is becoming the main force to promote the world economic development.At the same time,the world political situation has also changes due to the impact of the world economic situation.The international status of the emerging economies,represented by China has been greatly improved,thus these countries are blocked by the international forces,represented by the United States.In such a situation,China began to search for regional economic cooperation which has geopolitical advantages in neighboring countries,and China put forward the "Belt and Road" Initiatives in 2013 which started the China's new pattern of the opening up to the world in the new period.As neighbor of China,Mongolia is an important member of the regional cooperation in Northeast Asia,also is an important node country along the"Belt and Road".Mongolia not only can provide resources for our country,also can undertake the excess capacity.From 1949 to early 1960s,Sino-Mongolia relations had developed smoothly,and the two countries had cooperated in many fields.From the middle of the 1960s to the middle of 1980s,the relationship between China and Mongolia were always in a state of alienation and hostility,influenced by the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations.After the disintegration of the Soviet Union,China and Mongolia gradually normalized the relations,and two countries carried out extensive cooperation in many fields,such as politics,economy and culture.Since the early 90s of last century,the bilateral relations have experienced through the period of good-neighborly and friendly relation,good-neighborly and mutual-trust partnership,and strategic partnership.In 2014,bilateral relations advanced to a comprehensive strategic partnership.The economic and trade cooperation between China and Mongolia also experienced the stage of starting,shrinking,recovering and developing with the change of diplomatic relations of the two countries successively.The two countries have cooperated in many fields such as coal and energy,and the scale of bilateral trade has expanded year by year.At the same time as the import and export of the goods,Chinese enterprises are investing,contracting projects,carrying out labor cooperation and technical consultation in Mongolia.China has become the largest trading partner of Mongolia for many years,and once became the largest source of foreign investment in Mongolia.With the increasingly close of the economic ties between the two countries,some problems that restrict the level of economic and trade cooperation between China and Mongolia have gradually emerged.For example,with the intensification of international resources market competition,the role of international economic cooperation mechanism is not fully played;Mongolia's continuity of investment policy is poor,infrastructure is severely underdeveloped,and ultranationalism is raising;Chinese investment to Mogolia focused on short-term and high-yield field,the level of the investors are uneven,lack of talent and the overseas operation management experience and so on.From the perspective of regional economic integration,the economic and trade cooperation between China and Mongolia is mainly carried out under the framework of sub-regional economic cooperation.There are mainly three mechanisms involved in Sino-Mongolia regional cooperation:The first one is a central Asia regional cooperation mechanism(CAREC),which mainly coordinate economic and trade cooperation between Xinjiang,Inner Mongolia of China and Central Asian countries.Another one is Tumen River Mechanism(GTI).It has great impact on the region cooperation between China and Mongolia.The third one is the "Belt and Road"Initiatives proposed by China,which has brought many new opportunities for regional cooperation between China and Mongolia.Among them,the Tumen River mechanism and the "Belt and Road" Initiatives have great influence on the economic and trade cooperation between China and Mongolia.It can be said that the Tumen River regional cooperative development and The "Belt and Road" Initiatives tied up.Since the Tumen River regional cooperative development has accumulated experiences for carrying out the "Belt and Road" Initiatives,so the Tumen River regional cooperative development can be regarded as preliminary explore of the "Belt and Road"Initiatives.The"Belt and Road" Initiatives has established great foundation for the Tumen River regional cooperative development from the aspect of policy guarantee and government support,and it also provides new opportunities for the Tumen River regional cooperative development.With the"Belt and Road" Initiatives.gradually putting into practice,the political mutual trust between China and Mongolia further strengthen,construction of traffic infrastructure will be further promoted,technical cooperation will be further strengthened,financing channels will be further broaden,and cultural exchanges will be further deepen.Both China and Mongolia should catch hold of the historical opportunity to promote two countries sub-regional economic and trade cooperation by improving international cooperation mechanism,strengthening construction of logistics infrastructure,deepsening cooperation in key industries,playing the role of financial support,standardizing the management of Chinese enterprises in Mongolia,and strengthening cultural exchanges.