A Study On The Impact Of Factor Structure Change On China’s Trade Competitiveness

At present,China is stepping into the process of transforming from big trading country to powerful trading country,big manufacturing country to powerful manufacturing country.In this process of transformation,we need to seek the corresponding theory to guide and support.On the one hand,China has built a large trading country based on the theory of comparative advantage,which has also paid a lot of costs to restrict the further improvement of trade competitiveness.On the other hand,after long-term development and accumulation,the traditional comparative advantage of factor endowment has changed and the structure of factor has been optimized.With the acceleration of integration into globalization,promotes the expansion of production factors from traditional factors to economic factors and economic globalization factors.It is necessary to give a more reasonable theoretical explanation of trade phenomena from the perspective of expansion factors and expand the cognitive development of trade advantage theory.Trade competitiveness is the direct embodiment of trade advantages.Under the global value chain division system,the trade competitiveness measurement based on value-added trade statistics is relatively more accurate,and the global value chain division position of industries can also be estimated.The optimization of factor structure is particularly important for China to participate in the global value chain division and gain economic growth.How to effectively optimize factor structure in order to better enhance trade competitiveness is a research topic with important theoretical value and practical significance.This thesis chooses manufacturing industry as the research object,which is the pillar of national economy.It is of great practical significance to study the influence of factor structure on the trade competitiveness of manufacturing industry.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows: Trade advantages are rooted in the "package elements",and enhancing trade competitiveness is based on traditional factors and guaranteed by expanding factors.The core mechanism of the theory is summarized as that the optimization of factor structure is beneficial to the promotion of global value chain status and trade competitiveness,which is verified by the direct effect and the intermediary effect of global value chain status.The factor structure of the three major industries in China’s manufacturing industry shows the characteristics of overall optimization;China’s manufacturing industry is still at the low end of the global value chain,but the status of the global value chain shows an overall upward trend;compared with the traditional RCA index,the revised NRCA index can more truly reflect the trade competitiveness of China’s manufacturing sector.By comparing the different perspectives of traditional factors and expanding factors,the empirical results show that,based on the analysis of expanding factors,the promotion of factor structure optimization on trade competitiveness of manufacturing industry has been strengthened;both traditional factors and expanding factors are related to trade competitiveness of industry,while traditional factors are the basic factors affecting trade competitiveness.The factors of economic factors and economic globalization provide guarantee for further enhancing trade competitiveness,and the factors affecting trade competitiveness of manufacturing industry can be understood more comprehensively from the perspective of expanding factors.To clarify these issues is the key to building a strong manufacturing country in China.This thesis contains eight chapters;the first chapter is introduction.The second chapter is the literature review.This chapter first introduces the theoretical basis of the study,then launches a detailed literature review.Finally,it summarizes the achievements and shortcomings of the existing related research,and elaborates the research breakthrough direction.The third chapter is the mechanism of factor structure changes affecting trade competitiveness.This chapter firstly analyses the relationship between trade advantage and trade competitiveness.Then,it analyses and verify the influence mechanism of factors structural changes on trade competitiveness.The fourth chapter is the measurement of factor structure and trade competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing industry.Firstly,this chapter merges the manufacturing industry data from different databases.Secondly,it calculates and analyses the realistic characteristics of the factor structure.Finally,it calculates the participation degree and position of global value chain,and trade competitiveness,to provides data support for the empirical analysis in the following part.The fifth chapter is based on the relationship between the change of factor structure and the trade competitiveness of manufacturing industry from the perspective of traditional factors.This chapter constructs an econometric model,and explains the selection of variables,data sources and calculation;it confirms that the FGLS method is used for regression,and the regression results are tested for endogeneity,robustness and heterogeneity in different industries.The results show that the accumulation of physical capital and technological progress are conducive to enhancing the competitiveness of the industry.The sixth chapter is about the internal influence mechanism of the change of factor structure on the trade competitiveness.Firstly,this chapter studies the relationship between the change of factor structure and the global value chain position of manufacturing industry.Then the intermediary effect of the global value chain position is examined by using FGLS,system GMM and FGLS methods.On the basis of the results,the intermediary effect test and transmission mechanism analysis were carried out.The seventh chapter is based on the relationship between the change of factor structure and the trade competitiveness of manufacturing industry from the perspective of expanding factors.Firstly,this chapter constructs the econometric model of expanding factors,and introduces the selection of indicators and data sources.Secondly,using FGLS regression method,it further compares whether there are differences in the magnitude and direction of the impact of different factors under two different perspectives.Finally,this chapter examines the impact of industries import permeability of regulated variable on the relationship between explanatory variable variables and interpreted variables,and discusses the regulatory effects.At last,the eighth chapter is research conclusions,countermeasures and prospects.This chapter combs and summarizes the research conclusions of the thesis,puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions,and points out the future research prospects.