Research On The Transformation And Upgrading Path Of China's Manufacturing Industry Under The Background Of "One Belt And One Road"

More than forty years of the reform and opening up,China's economic development scale and speed profile,especially in manufacturing development,has not only made remarkable achievements,but also formed its own unique stage of development."Made in China" has become one of the most recognizable labels in the world.Now,China and the rest of the world are facing the challenge of a new round of industrial and technological revolution.The transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry is,in the final analysis,a shift to the middle and high end of the global value chain.In the continuous development of economic globalization,with the tide of international division of labor,developed countries in Europe and the United States constantly transfer non-core,non-key and low-value production links to developing countries in order to reduce production costs and gain global competitive advantages.In the process,China's manufacturing industry relying on resource advantage,labor advantage,began to join in the global value chain dominated by developed countries in Europe and America in the form of assembly and processing,and China's manufacturing industry started relatively late,with relatively backward technology and equipment,China mainly engaged in labor-intensive industries,such as clothing,materials processing and other fields,which were at the lower end of value chain,with low product added value.China's manufacturing industry has long been at the low end of the global value chain,but as China's manufacturing industry continues to participate in the division of labor in the global production network,its share in the international market is also steadily increasing,and China's total exports in the national market is gradually increasing." The Belt and Road" is the first step for China to implement the "go out" strategy,involving many countries.On the one hand,it provides a stable environment for China on the platform,on the other hand,it provides a peaceful and stable platform for China's economic transformation and upgrading because of the strong economic complementarity between neighboring countries and China.Since China launched the " the Belt and Road " initiative,how to speed up the upgrading of the manufacturing technology,layout optimization and implement manufacturing in the global value chain to high-end upgrades,improving management and technology innovation ability,obtain sustainable competitive advantage,which has become the common goal of countries along the way,also the general direction and guide of China's manufacturing transformation and development.Against this background,Chinese manufacturing enterprises need to go abroad and open up a new silk road of green and sustainable development for themselves through technical cooperation and resource sharing.With the follow-up of the " the Belt and Road " initiative,how to realize the successful transformation of China's manufacturing industry and how to pass on and carry forward the permanent culture of China's manufacturing industry in a scientific way is a common concern of the government,society and scholars in the critical stage of developing and narrowing the manufacturing gap with developed countries.Therefore,understanding the development history of China's manufacturing industry and discussing the status quo and problems of the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry can help this paper to explore the key factors influencing the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry under the " the Belt and Road " initiative,and provide certain decision-making guidance for the following path selection of the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry.On the basis of transformation and upgrading of manufacturing research,scholars sum up the current problems existing in the process of transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises,from the science and technology,finance,industrial chain,has carried on the induction summary talent pool and the environment in five aspects,specific issues including less as the key core technology,financial support,underpowered,industry value chain is still in the mid-range,senior talent shortage of reserve resources and environment,more and more severe.This paper firstly summarizes and discusses the four historical stages of China's manufacturing industry development in the past 40 years of reform and opening up,then analyzes the present situation of China's manufacturing industry development and the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry from the aspects of the overall development situation of manufacturing industry,accumulated advantages of manufacturing industry,and last summarizes the problems existing in China's manufacturing industry development from six aspects: technological innovation,development capital,industrial structure,product homogeneity,human capital and environmental protection pressure.It lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent analysis of the influence and factor analysis model of the "the Belt and Road" initiative on the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry.Then,this paper analyzes the influence of "the Belt and Road" initiative on the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry from five aspects: talent demand,policy formulation,financial support,industrial environment and ecological environmental protection.On this basis,combined with the traditional influencing factors of China's manufacturing transformation and upgrading,this paper refines and determines the index of factors affecting the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry under "the Belt and Road" initiative of human capital,investment and financing ability,industrial value chain,technological innovation,government service and environmental regulation.Secondly,according to the mechanism analysis,ten assumptions are put forward and the conceptual model of manufacturing factor analysis is established,variables are defined and measured,the questionnaire of influencing factors of China's manufacturing transformation and upgrading under "the Belt and Road" initiative is designed,and the sample data are collected and sorted.This paper summarizes the enlightenment to the transformation and upgrading path from the government level,the global market level and the enterprise level,and puts forward three paths,such as creating the transformation and upgrading path of the whole industry chain dominated by Chinese manufacturing industry under the guidance of technological innovation,creating the global network transformation and upgrading path of Chinese manufacturing industry as the core under the promotion of value chain,and the transformation and upgrading path of open cooperative development under the guidance of institutional innovation,and also analyzes their effect on the transformation and upgrading.Finally,the countermeasures and suggestions to realize the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry are put forward from the angle of technology,talents,government and enterprises,which points out the direction for the Chinese manufacturing industry to realize sustainable development under the guidance of " the Belt and Road" initiative.