| Balanced development is the basic goal pursued by human society,but the imbalance of development is the fundamental problem that always exists.In the processes of debate and verification of the economic growth theories about convergence and divergence,the diversified research conclusions confirm the complexity and dynamics of regional unbalanced growth.Faced with the increasingly prominent contradiction between China’s unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s growing demand for a better life,the position of regional coordinated development strategy has gradually risen and become the dominant strategy.“County governance,world peace.” County economy plays a strategic fundamental role in China’s regional economic system.The study on unbalanced growth of China’s region economy provides a new idea for solving the micro-mechanism of unbalanced development of regional economy.Promoting the transformation of regional economy from "unbalanced growth" to "coordinated development" is an important way to solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development of China’s regional economy.Aimed at China’s unique political and economic environment and the new century China’s regional economic elements flow characteristics,established in the theoretical frontier of institutional turn,evolutionary turn and scalar turn of economic geography,and with the integrated use of spatial analysis,shift-share analysis,Theil index decomposition,econometric model etc.,this paper takes the nationwide county space units as the basic research objects,and conducts a multi-dimensional perspective on the spatial and temporal pattern of China’s unbalanced regional economy based on different data,index measures and different dimensions,in order to explore the spatial and temporal differentiation of regional unbalanced growth in China.Then,it analyzes the mechanism of unbalanced growth of China’s regional economy from three dimensions: locational and administrative embeddedness,population flow and industrial relocation,to solve the micro mechanism puzzle of China’s unbalanced regional economic growth.Finally,according to the research conclusion,the paper also puts forward corresponding policy suggestions,so as to contribute to the coordinated development of China’s regional economy in the new era.The study on the unbalanced growth of China’s regional economy shows that:Pattern analysis:(1)among different types of counties divided based on natural geographical factors,the(per capita)economic growth of plain county is the greatest,while that of mountain county is the least.The phenomenon that the unbalanced growth of China’s county economy overlaps with the local differentiation law gradually weakens with time.(2)The spatial and temporal differentiation of China’s regional economic growth is based on the year 2000.Before that,the economy of the eastern coastal areas grew faster,while that of the inland areas grew faster.The unbalanced growth of regional economy in China has changed from east-west disparity to east-west and north-south disparity.(3)The unbalanced growth of China’s regional economy is mainly manifested by different level central-peripheral spatial structures.With the main agglomeration carriers of urban agglomerations and central cities,the three zones of east,middle and west respectively show three disparate types of central and peripheral economic spatial structures with urban agglomeration as the plane core area,"point expanding area" as the development core area,and central city(or urban municipal district)as the point core area.(4)The unbalanced growth of China’s regional economy has a high degree of diversity,complexity and regional scale sensitivity in the spatial and temporal pattern.The intra-regional disparity is greater than the inter-regional disparity.The former expands with the expansion of regional spatial scale,while the later shrinks with the expansion of regional spatial scale.(5)The unbalanced growth of industrial economy in China’s counties is most obvious in the discrepancy of industrial internal structure.Thereinto,both the gathering spaces and relocation spaces of other type that is resource-intensive industries are scattered,which are mainly the resource development-oriented areas,and the direction of industrial relocation is from the intra-regional relocation of the eastern and central regions to the intra-regional relocation of the central and western regions.The concentration and relocation of laborintensive industries mainly take place in the densely populated areas,and the relocated direction gradually changes from the intra-regional relocation in the coastal areas to the inter-regional relocation between the eastern region with central and northeast regions.The main agglomeration zone of capital-intensive industries is the old industrial base area,and the change of the relocated direction is small,mainly in the central and eastern regions.Technologyintensive industries cluster and distribute in the large or medium-sized cities with advanced technology in the form of points,showing a significant relocated trend from the east to the central and western regions.Mechanism analysis:(1)the imbalance of regional economic growth represented by locational embeddedness in the aspect of urban agglomeration is smaller than that represented by administrative embeddedness in the aspect of provincial capital and municipal district.And the impact of locational embeddedness measured by growth component on the imbalance of county economic growth is weakened with time,while the impact of administrative embeddedness is strengthened with time.(2)The impact of population flow on regional economic growth of population inflow counties is significantly greater than that of population outflow counties.The effect of population flow on regional economic growth can be weakened with the provincial and regional factors taken into account,but this effect on the outflow areas is not obvious.(3)Industrial relocation can promote China’s regional economic growth and reduce the imbalance of regional economic growth.Simultaneously,its impact on economic growth is also affected by industrial structure heterogeneity and spatial heterogeneity.Among them,the relocation of other type that is resource-intensive industry contributes greatly to the economic growth of counties in central China and is also the key to supporting the economic development of counties in the western China with relatively single industrial structure.The relocation of labor-intensive industry is the main force to boost the economic growth of northeast and central China,and also an important factor to restrict the economic growth of eastern China.The capital-intensive industry relocation promotes the economic of eastern China greatly.The technology-intensive industry relocation can advance the economic growth of counties in the central and western China.Industrial relocation helps to accelerate the growth rate of economy and promote the convergence of China’s regional economy.The facilitation of industrial relocation on the economic convergence of industry-immigration region is greater than industry-emigration regions,and the industrial relocation is more conducive to shrink the economic disparity among counties in northeast China.Policy suggestions:(1)Eliminate regional administrative barriers,and implement differentiated regional policies rooted in regional resource endowment,social culture and historical background,to provide an excellent macro policy environment for promoting the free flow of various factors.(2)Deepen reform of the urban-rural system and mechanism to create an institutional environment in which elements flow freely and exchange equally between urban and rural areas.Break the urban-rural dualistic pattern of industry and population distributions,and coordinated advance regional urbanization and population urbanization in rural areas,by leading the urban industry to relocate to rural areas.(3)Deepen reform of the household registration system and other population-related systems,attach importance to labor backflow,promote family-based migration,and guide the reasonable agglomeration of population in developed urban areas,to promote and stabilize the dynamic balance pattern of population flow and industry relocation.(4)Coordinate the spatial distribution of industries and improve mechanisms and systems for coordinated industry development between regions.Propel orderly industrial relocation and foster an industrial development pattern that is staggered and misplaced.(5)Focus on key regional development,and give full play to the leading role of national central cities,regional central cities,provincial capitals,sub-provincial cities and other cities with strong economic strength,to take center city and urban agglomeration drive the new path that county area economy develops coordinately.Through strategic measures such as "major strategic linkage" and "reinforcing the weak links",break up the regional locationaladministrative division development pattern of "ladder","plate" and "province",so as to realize cross-region reconstruction of regional economic coordination,synergy and common development. |
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