| Since 2004,a series of guidelines on green agricultural development policies and systems,such as green technology,high-end talents,environmental resources and special industrial chains,have been gradually implemented in the reports of the 18 th and 9th National Congresses of the Party and the Central Document No.1 in recent years,"green agriculture" has become the theme of the times for agricultural and countryside development.However,for a long time,the rapid growth of Chinese agricultural economy has been accompanied by the prominent problems of continuous labor force loss and declining utilization rate of agricultural land.Large-scale investment in agricultural technology such as pesticides,fertilizers and agricultural machinery has become the main source of power for agricultural economic growth.The crude growth method and relatively weak agricultural economic foundation have caused the basic pattern of inefficient use of agricultural resources and serious damage to ecological environment.Therefore,breaking the impeding factors of green agricultural economic growth is one of the key issues that need to be urgently addressed in the green development and modernization transformation of China's agriculture.At the same time,the phenomenon of capital deepening in Chinese agriculture is prominent,and agricultural economic growth is overly dependent on capital accumulation.In this process,on the one hand,with the continuous optimization of agricultural infrastructure and labor input quality,the efficiency of each factor has accelerated and the endogenous technological progress of agriculture has been upgraded,while on the other hand,the rapid expansion of the scale of agricultural fixed capital investment has led to serious environmental pollution and impeded the growth of green agricultural economy.Obviously,based on the current realistic background that the Party Central Committee and the State attach great importance to the "three issues of agriculture,the countryside and farmers" and are committed to the development of rural revitalization,new urbanization and the transformation of agricultural modernization,we study the green output growth effect of China's agricultural capital deepening matched with biased technological progress.It is important for China to accelerate the high-quality development of agriculture,improve the efficiency of agricultural capital and cultivate new professional farmers.This article is following the logic of "theoretical reference-framework construction-current situation analysis-empirical test-policy recommendation".Firstly,based on the classical theories,we define the three core concepts of agricultural capital deepening,biased technological progress and green agricultural economic growth and construct the conceptual framework of this paper.Secondly,the evolutionary characteristics and trends of agricultural capital deepening,green agricultural economic growth,and green agricultural total factor productivity growth are mathematically analyzed using statistical analysis methods,the energy value method,and SBM-Luenberger index construction.Then,the standardized supply-side system approach and BOX-COX transformation,as well as nonlinear seemingly uncorrelated regression estimation are used to identify biased technological progress in the context of green agricultural economic growth.Further,the kinetic energy decomposition of green agricultural economic growth is performed by combining the accounting results of the degree of agricultural capital deepening and its rate,the biased technological progress index,and the factor elasticity of substitution.Then,a dynamic panel regression model is constructed to empirically verify the effects of agricultural capital deepening and biased technological progress on the economic growth of green agriculture.Finally,based on the practice of green agricultural production in China,with the goal of adjusting the degree of agricultural capital deepening and its speed,and enhancing the growth of green technological progress of capital and labor factors,institutional and policy measures to promote the synergistic drive of green agricultural economic growth by factor structure and technological progress are proposed in multiple dimensions,including government support,market incentives,and social cooperation.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.Theoretically,the deepening of agricultural capital and the biased technological progress not only directly affect the economic growth of green agriculture,but also synergistically promote the economic growth of green agriculture and accelerate the transformation and development of green agriculture.Based on the two-factor CES production function,the biased technological progress in the context of green agricultural economic growth is subject to the impact of factor substitution elasticity,capital and labor factor green technological progress growth gap,which in turn makes the kinetic energy composition of green agricultural economic growth,including the deepening of agricultural capital,the degree and depth of the direct and moderating effects also include the direct and synergistic effects of capital and labor factors,the growth efficiency of green technological progress,and biased technological progress.Based on this,the key to the growth scale and growth momentum of the green agricultural economy lies in the deepening of agricultural capital,the direct or indirect effects of biased technological progress,and the synergistic effect of the two factors.The difference in utility between green agricultural economic growth and traditional agricultural economic growth further determine the scale of green agricultural economic growth and the effectiveness of the transformation of growth drivers.2.China's agricultural capital deepening phenomenon is prominent,promoting the positive growth of green agricultural GDP and total factor productivity of green agriculture,but the efficiency of scale transformation and power transformation of green agricultural economic growth has shown a downward trend.In the context of the long-term objective existence of China's agricultural labor loss,the deepening of agricultural capital at the national and inter-provincial levels and its speed have continued to deepen,with the largest increase in the deepening of agricultural capital in the eastern region.At the same time,China's green agricultural GDP calculated by the Emergy method has shown an overall upward trend,but the growth rate has continued to slow down;China's green agricultural total factor productivity calculated by the SBM-Luenberger index has always maintained a relatively high growth rate,but in recent years only the western region's agricultural green total factor productivity growth index showed an upward trend,while the eastern and central regions showed a significant decline;China's green agricultural economic growth scale transformation efficiency value is between 0-1,and it has shown a continuous downward trend at an average annual rate of 0.99%.The effect of the scale transformation of China's green agricultural economic growth needs to be improved,especially in the eastern region;the efficiency value of the transformation of the national green agricultural economic growth is mostly below the value of 1,and the transformation power of green agricultural economic growth is insufficient.3.Under the background of China's green agricultural economic growth,the factor substitution elasticity is less than 1,and the evolutionary trend of the biased technological progress index has phase characteristics.while under the background of traditional agricultural economic growth,the factor substitution elasticity is greater than 1,and the biased technological progress is dominated by capital-enhancing technological progress.Under the background of green agricultural economic growth,the factor substitution elasticity is less than 1.Capital and labor factors are complementary,and the evolutionary trend of biased technological progress index has phase characteristics,showing successively capital-enhancing technological progress,labor-enhancing technological progress,and capital-enhancing technology progress of the driving path;Under the background of traditional agricultural economic growth,the factor substitution elasticity is greater than 1,which is a substitution relationship.The evolution trend of biased technological progress index is relatively stable.Technological progress is mostly capital-oriented,mainly capital-enhancing technological progress.At the regional level,the biased technological progress index in the eastern,central,and western regions all fluctuates significantly around 2006,with significant policy phase characteristics.After 2006,under the background of green agricultural economic growth,the eastern and western regions are capital-enhancing technological progress,and the central region is labor-enhancing technological progress;under the background of traditional agricultural economic growth,the eastern and central regions are labor-enhancing technological progress,and the western region is capital Enhancing technological progress.4.Under the calculation of the two-factor CES production function,the scale growth efficiency,power growth efficiency,and transformation efficiency of the green agricultural economy are all at a low level.Among them,the kinetic energy contribution of agricultural capital deepening is significantly better than the kinetic energy contribution of biased technological progress.The scale growth efficiency of the green agricultural economy under the calculation of the two-factor CES production function shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Among them,the efficiency value of the eastern and central regions is generally higher than that of the western region.From the perspective of kinetic energy decomposition,the declining trend of later scale growth efficiency stems from the decline in the positive contribution of the direct effects of capital technological progress growth and biased technological progress,as well as the direct effects of the growth of labor technological progress and the insufficient growth of the synergistic effect contribution of the deepening of agricultural capital and biased technological progress.The long-term negative value of the total factor productivity growth of green agriculture under the calculation of the two-factor CES production function is mainly due to the long-term negative kinetic energy growth of the synergistic effect of the direct effect of labor technological progress,biased technological progress and the deepening of agricultural capital.Among them,the strong growth momentum of the green agricultural economy in the eastern region mainly comes from the direct effect of the growth of capital technology progress and the growth of labor technology progress,and in the central region the synergy effect of the direct effect of the growth of labor technology progress,biased technological progress and the deepening of agricultural capital has a positive effect,and the kinetic energy contributions of all parts of the western region are all negative.The efficiency of scale transformation and the efficiency of power transformation of green agricultural output growth under the calculation of the two-factor CES production function were both significant in the short term from 2004 to 2007,but continued to decline after 2007,and turned from positive to negative.The effectiveness and motivation of green agricultural transformation are insufficient,mainly due to the prominent transition problems in the central and western regions.From the perspective of kinetic energy decomposition,the scale transformation efficiency of green agricultural output growth only has the direct effect of biased technological progress and the adjustment effect of agricultural capital deepening speed after 2004,which has realized the promotion of the scale transformation of green agricultural economic growth;transformation efficiency of the driving force of green agricultural output growth after 2004,only the direct effect difference of biased technological progress has realized the promotion of the transformation of the driving force of green agricultural economic growth.5.On the whole,the deepening of agricultural capital is positively promoting the scale of green agricultural economic growth and growth momentum,biased technological progress plays a negative inhibitory role,and the two play a positive role in synergy.However,the difference in the impact of the deepening of agricultural capital under the economic growth of green and traditional agriculture inhibits the growth and transformation of green agriculture,and the direct and synergistic impact of biased technological progress is beneficial to the growth and transformation of green agriculture.The direct effects of the deepening of agricultural capital and biased technological progress on the growth scale and driving force of the green agricultural economy are both positive,but under the synergy of the two,the promotion of biased technological progress changes from positive to negative,and the synergistic effect of the two influence coefficient is still positive.In general,the two jointly promote the scale growth and power growth of the green agricultural economy.However,there are significant regional differences.The deepening of agricultural capital and biased technological progress in the eastern and central regions are positively promoting the scale growth of the green agricultural economy,and the synergy between the two has a negative impact coefficient;the influence coefficient of biased technological progress in the eastern and western regions on the dynamic growth of the green agricultural economy is negative,and the influence coefficient of agricultural capital deepening in the western region is negative.Under the synergistic effect of the two,the influence of the central region is negative.Under a comparative analysis of the impact coefficients of green agricultural economic growth and traditional agricultural economic growth,the negative effect of biased technological progress under traditional output is more prominent,which is conducive to the scale transformation of green agricultural economic growth;the deepening gap of agricultural capital hinders the transformation of green agricultural economic growth;the synergy of the deepening of agricultural capital and biased technological progress is conducive to the growth and transformation of the green agricultural economy.Likewise,there is regional heterogeneity.Regarding the scale growth and transformation of the green agricultural economy,the positive contribution of the biased technological progress difference in the western region is outstanding,the difference in the deepening of agricultural capital in the eastern region has the most significant inhibitory effect,and the difference in synergistic effect of the two hinders the transformation of green agricultural economic growth in the central and western regions;regarding the transformation of the dynamic growth of the green agricultural economy,the positive contribution of the biased technological progress differences in the western region is outstanding,and the deepening differences in agricultural capital and differences in synergy effects in the central region have seriously hindered the transformation of the dynamic growth of the green agricultural economy.The possible innovations of this article are mainly reflected in the following aspects:1.In terms of research perspective,the bias index of technical progress under green agricultural economic growth output is constructed to optimize the evaluation index system of agricultural green development.Under the goal of green agricultural development,technological progress is an important indicator to measure the accelerated transformation of green agriculture,and the identification of X technological progress bias under green agricultural economic growth output can improve the accuracy and reliability of the study of technological progress efficiency in agricultural green input-output system.The measurement of technological progress bias index under green agricultural economic growth output is more consistent with the realistic needs of agricultural green transformation development.In addition,in order to quantify the policy objectives of agricultural green transformation,in addition to the scale of green agricultural economic growth and the power of green agricultural economic growth,i.e.,agricultural green total factor productivity,this article adopts the ratio of green agricultural GDP to traditional agricultural TFP as the scale transformation efficiency index of green agricultural growth,and the ratio of green agricultural TFP to traditional agricultural TFP as the power transformation efficiency index of green agricultural growth,thus enriching the evaluation index system construction of green agricultural development.2.In theory aspect,we extends the application of two factor CES production function in green agriculture,and constructs the analysis framework of the mechanism of agricultural capital deepening and biased technological progress on green agricultural economic growth.The factor enhanced CES production function is an effective breakthrough to the traditional C-D production function "neutral technological progress",which forms a decomposition framework of agricultural economic growth kinetic energy with factor substitution elasticity and partial technological progress.Combined with the realistic background and development goals of green agricultural production in China,this paper extends the two factor CES production function under the assumption of "biased technological progress" to the green agricultural economic growth model,and builds the input-output framework of green agricultural production,which includes the elasticity of factor substitution,the growth of factor technological progress,the deepening of agricultural capital and biased technology Technological progress decomposes the kinetic energy of green agricultural economic growth,and on the basis of combing the influence path of agricultural capital deepening structure and biased technological progress on green agricultural economic growth,this paper focuses on the mechanism of the two on the transformation of green agricultural economic growth.3.In the empirical aspect,we decompose the kinetic energy of green agricultural economic growth by means of the two-factor CES production function,and empirically verify the effects of agricultural capital deepening and biased technological progress on green agricultural economic growth.On the one hand,this paper follows the logical chain of agricultural capital deepening and biased technological progress on green agricultural economic growth and their combined effects on green agricultural economic growth,and decomposes the kinetic energy of green agricultural economic growth from theoretical formulas in order to investigate the differences in the kinetic energy contributions of factor elasticity of substitution,agricultural capital deepening and biased technological progress.On the other hand,we use dynamic panel model and fixed regression model to empirically test the combined effects of agricultural capital deepening and biased technological progress on the scale and growth dynamics of green agricultural economic growth,and compare and analyze the utility differences between green agricultural economic growth and traditional agricultural economic growth in order to provide empirical findings to support the reversal of the inadequate allocation and efficiency of agricultural production factors. |
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