The Neurophilosophical Study Of The Brain And Cognition

The relationship between the brain and the mind and cognition is a core issue in the field of philosophy and brain science.With the development of neuroscience,interdisciplinary research has begun between philosophy and neuroscience on the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition.Neurophilosophy is the product of this research trend,which seeks to explain traditional philosophical issues and themes using experimental data and empirical methods in neuroscience.Based on neurophilosophy,this article aims to summarize and comb the research context of the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition by examining research fields such as philosophy,neuroscience,cognitive science,and neurophilosophy,explore and analyze the essence of the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition,and ultimately attempt to reconstruct the ontological basis of the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition on the basis of philosophical ontology,providing a new approach to solving the mystery of the brain,mind,and cognition.This article consists of an introduction,five thematic chapters,and conclusions.The introduction briefly describes the relevant research background and significance based on the research topic of this article,discusses in detail the research progress related to this research topic at home and abroad,comprehensively introduces the writing ideas,line themes,and framework planning of this article,respectively expounds the main content of each topic chapter and the logical relationship between each topic chapter,and points out the innovation and shortcomings of the article.The second chapter summarizes the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition from the philosophical and neuroscientific perspectives,thereby clarifying the historical context of the evolution of the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition.In the philosophical dimension,we examine the historical background and core issues of the study of mind and cognition from the perspectives of philosophical epistemology and philosophy of mind.In the dimension of neuroscience,we have examined the development process and basic theories of brain research from the origin,development,and establishment of neuroscience.This chapter shows that although there have been conflicting studies on the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition in the fields of philosophy and neuroscience,overall,they still exhibit a separate research state.The third chapter mainly discusses and analyzes the semiotic and connectionist paradigms of classical cognitive science,respectively discussing and analyzing their ideological sources,theoretical assumptions,model characteristics,and dilemma trends,thereby summarizing their core ideas and basic positions on the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition.This chapter shows that although the research on the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition has begun to move from separation to interaction,its essence has not truly broken away from the barriers of dualism.Although both semiotics and connectionism insist on simulating the brain,simulating the brain is not really a study of the brain.The fourth chapter mainly discusses and analyzes the internal motivation and ideological origin of the shift from classical cognitive science to embodied cognition,elaborates on the basic characteristics and theoretical propositions of embodied cognition,namely,the embodiment of the mind,the situational nature of cognition,the systematic nature of cognition,and the generative nature of cognition.It summarizes the different research approaches to embodied cognition,namely,4EC,radical embodied cognition,and mild embodied cognition.This chapter shows that embodied cognition emphasizes a return to research on the brain and body,which reflects the deepening of research on the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition from interaction,but ultimately there is still no real consensus on the understanding of the brain.The fifth chapter mainly discusses and analyzes the reductive neurophilosophy.Chuchland emphasizes the reduction of psychology to nerves,and then constructs a unified theory of mind and brain.For this reason,she pioneered the research term "neurophilosophy",aiming to explain traditional philosophical problems and themes through the experimental data and empirical methods of neuroscience.We analyzed the conceptual framework,theoretical categories and methodological strategies of reductive neurophilosophy in solving the problems of the relationship between brain,mind and cognition from the perspectives of ontology,epistemology and methodology.This chapter shows that in order to solve the problem of mind brain relationship,reductive neurophilosophy proposes the theory of mind brain unity that reduces psychology to nerves,which reflects that the research on the relationship between brain and mind and cognition has gone from deepening to unity,but it still fails to really solve the problem of identity of brain,mind and cognition on the basis of ontology.The sixth chapter mainly demonstrates and analyzes the non reductive philosophy.Norhoff insists on the non reductive position of two-way interaction between philosophy and neuroscience,opposes the interpretation of the essence of mind and cognition in an isolated brain,and further opposes the reduction of philosophy to neuroscience.We have demonstrated and analyzed the ontology of the world brain relationship of non reductive neurophilosophy,the epistemology of neuroecology and the iterative methodology of concept fact at the level of ontology,epistemology and methodology.This chapter shows that non reductive philosophy highlights the importance of body and environment to the mind and cognitive process,and emphasizes the ontological reality of structure and relationship,which reflects that the research on the relationship between brain and mind and cognition has moved from unity to integration,but its structural realism based on the world brain relationship still fails to solve the problem of how consciousness comes into being.The conclusion takes the "subjectivity" dilemma of consciousness as the starting point for research,which is a core problem still unsolved in philosophy,neuroscience,and cognitive science.The "subjectivity" dilemma of consciousness in turn leads to the interpretation difficulties of the first person and the third person,and the "subjectivity" dilemma of consciousness is the key core to solving the problem of the relationship between the brain,the mind,and cognition.In view of the above problems,neither reductive nor non reductive philosophy has given reasonable solutions.Therefore,we attempt to reconstruct the theoretical basis of the relationship between the brain,mind,and cognition at the philosophical ontology level,and provide a new approach to ultimately solving the mystery of the brain,mind,and cognition.