Research On SO₂ Emission Rights Allocation In The Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeratio

The report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the system of ecological civilization should be more perfect,and the prevention and control of pollution should be deepened.With the rapid development of economy,a large number of fossil energy such as coal are used,producing a large number of SO₂ and other polluting gases.SO₂ air pollution hinders economic development,people’s health and environmental sustainability.On the one hand,long-term exposure to high concentrations of SO₂ increases the risk of respiratory diseases;On the other hand,SO₂ is the main factor in the formation of acid rain,which has obvious damage to ecosystems and buildings;In addition,enterprises have to invest a lot of human,financial and material resources to eliminate the negative impact of SO₂,thus slowing down the normal development of social economy.In order to strengthen the coordinated governance of regional ecological environment,the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Deepening the Battle of Pollution Prevention and Control in 2021,which clearly pointed out that we should deepen the joint protection and governance of ecological environment in urban agglomerations such as the Yangtze River Delta.In this context,based on the overall goal of emission reduction,reasonable allocation of pollutant emission rights to emission units has become one of the important means to reduce the total amount of pollutant emissions.Scientific and reasonable allocation of SO2 emission right for urban agglomeration has important theoretical value and practical significance for promoting sustainable development of regional economy and optimizing ecological environment.In this paper,data envelopment analysis（DEA）,shadow price,information entropy and other methods are used,combined with the air quality prediction model system（WRF-CMAQ）,zero sum game（ZSG）,comprehensive distribution and SO₂ cross-border transmission are considered,and the distribution principles of fairness,efficiency and economic protection are taken into account to build a distribution model of SO₂ emission rights applicable to urban agglomerations,and based on this,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to promote joint prevention and control of urban agglomerations and energy conservation and emission reduction,The main research contents are as follows:（1）Based on ZSG-DEA,the research on SO₂ emission right allocation of urban agglomeration in Yangtze River Delta.According to the"13th Five Year Plan"overall goal of emission reduction proposed by the Chinese government,the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration with high homogeneity is selected as the research object.First,the actual situation of SO₂ emission right allocation in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is evaluated.Secondly,according to the evaluation results,ZSG-DEA is used to optimize the allocation efficiency and reallocate emission rights.Finally,the allocation scheme with both overall efficiency and individual efficiency reaching 1 is regarded as the optimal allocation scheme of efficiency,and based on the allocation result,the willingness matrix of SO₂ emission right transaction in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is proposed.The results show that the overall efficiency of the existing allocation scheme of SO₂ emission rights in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is 0.92.After four times of optimization and adjustment of the existing allocation scheme using the ZSG-DEA model,the overall and individual allocation efficiency reaches 1.（2）Based on the efficiency and feasibility of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration SO₂ emissions allocation research.Combining the efficiency maximization of DEA allocation method and the advantages of shadow price allocation method,based on the information entropy method,a SO₂ emission right allocation model that gives consideration to both efficiency and feasibility is established.The fairness of the three allocation schemes is evaluated through the per capita relative deprivation coefficient,and the optimal allocation scheme is selected to achieve the three goals of fairness,efficiency and economic protection.The results show that the distribution model of information entropy method takes into account the three principles of maximum output and input efficiency,promoting regional GDP development and fairness,and the relative deprivation coefficients within the cluster of this distribution scheme are less than 0.5,providing the best scheme for SO₂ emission right distribution in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.（3）Study on the allocation of SO₂ emission rights in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration based on transboundary transport of pollutants.A new two-stage network DEA model based on the transboundary transport of pollutants is proposed.The spatial transmission of SO₂ is used as the intermediate output or input index between decision-making units,and a new two-stage series parallel hybrid structure network DEA model is established.The two stages include SO₂ formation stage and SO₂ governance stage.The distribution model generates nine distribution schemes,and finally selects the optimal scheme and the sub optimal scheme according to the relative deprivation coefficient.The results show that the two-stage network allocation model increases the pollutant treatment stage,and promotes the treatment of urban pollutants while achieving SO₂ emission reduction.Whenα1 When the value is 0.7,0.8 and 0.9,the per capita relative deprivation coefficient of the corresponding three distribution schemes is less than 0.5.The model robustness test shows that the emission right allocation method and results in this paper are stable and reliable,and the research methods and ideas can also be applied to emission reduction research in other regions.The results of this study show that:（1）The industrial scale and economic structure of cities with high homogeneity are relatively similar,and taking such regions as research objects can further promote the fairness and rationality of distribution schemes.（2）The overall allocation efficiency of the existing allocation scheme of SO₂ emission rights in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is 0.92.After four optimization and adjustment of the existing allocation scheme through ZSG-DEA,the overall allocation efficiency and individual allocation efficiency reach 1.（3）The distribution model of information entropy method takes into account the three principles of maximum output and input efficiency,protection of regional GDP and fairness of the scheme.The relative deprivation coefficients within the distribution scheme are less than 0.5,which is the best reference scheme for the distribution of SO₂ emission rights in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.（4）The two-stage network allocation model adds the pollutant treatment stage,which promotes the treatment of urban pollutants while achieving SO₂emission reduction.Whenα1 When the value is 0.7,0.8 and 0.9,the per capita relative deprivation coefficient of the corresponding three distribution schemes is less than 0.5.（5）The sensitivity test of the model shows that the research methods and ideas of emission right allocation in this paper can also be applied to emission reduction research in other regions.The main innovations of this paper include:（1）Combining the network DEA allocation model with WRF-CMAQ model,a new two-stage network DEA model with series parallel hybrid structure is proposed.Decision makers can adjust the weight coefficients of different stages and determine the optimal allocation scheme according to preferences and actual situations.（2）By introducing residents’health factors and ecological self purification factors into the governance stage of the network DEA allocation model,the allocation results will urge SO₂ emission units to pay attention to residents’health and environmental governance.（3）The allocation model takes into account the three objectives of efficiency,equity and economic protection,and provides a new idea for the allocation of pollutant emission rights and environmental coordinated governance of regional urban agglomerations.（4）Based on the allocation results of ZSG-DEA,a willingness matrix for SO₂ emissions trading is established,which can provide reference for SO₂ emissions trading in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.