Quantitative Study On The Effectiveness Of Ecological Restoration In Poverty Alleviation Resettlement In Karst Mountainous Areas

Poverty alleviation resettlement（PAR）not only significantly promotes poverty alleviation but also has a landmark significance in improving the ecological environment and promoting regional coordinated development.It is considered one of the most effective ways to address the"spatial poverty trap"in regions with prominent human-land conflicts.Using geographic information technology and remote sensing technology as the main means,the article constructs a system for assessing the effectiveness of ecological restoration of relocation for poverty alleviation in Guizhou Province from three dimensions:ecological environment quality,vegetation carbon sinks,and forest carbon stocks in typical areas,forming a research framework in which comprehensive assessment and key indicator assessment are mutually supportive,and the experimental data in typical areas validate the conclusions obtained from remote sensing data,so as to quantify the degree of contribution to ecological restoration in a systematic manner and realize the degree of contribution.The geospatial display is realized.The paper used Remote Sensing Ecological Index（RSEI）as a quantitative indicator of ecological environment quality,Net Ecosystem Productivity（NEP）as a quantitative indicator of carbon sink capacity,and typical districts were selected to obtain forest stand data from field surveys to calculate canbon storage as an analytical indicator,to analyze the degree of impact of relocation for PAR on comprehensive ecological indicators,key ecological indicators,and spatial and temporal evolution of experimental data.This research is conducive to the subsequent scientific research on China’s immigration relocation policy and also contributes to the exploration of models for harmonious coexistence between human society and nature.The main research conclusions are as follows:（1）The average contribution of PAR to RSEI enhancement is 5.28%,showing a trend of better performance in the western region than in the eastern region.The RSEI index of Guizhou Province increased from 0.5392 to 0.6614 during the period of 1996-2021,with an average annual growth rate of 0.91%.In the five years after relocation for poverty alleviation（2016-2021）,the average annual growth rate was 1.61%.After the PAR period,the proportion of areas with RSEI grade improvement accounted for 34.09%,unchanged areas accounted for 53.14%,and areas of ecological degradation accounted for 12.77%,showing an overall trend of more significant improvement in the ecological fragility areas in the west.Spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that 29.22%of the regions belong to H-H,20.44%belong to H-L,25.37%belong to L-L,and 24.97%belong to L-H regions,indicating spatial correlation between PAR and regional RSEI changes.（2）The average annual contribution of PAR to NEP capacity enhancement is about 4.62%,also showing a trend of better performance in the western region than in the eastern region.The average trend coefficient of NEP in Guizhou Province over the past 20 years（2002-2021）is 0.0046,with carbon cycling dominated by carbon sinks,averaging a net absorption of 8332.70×10⁴t of CO₂per year over the past20 years.During the period of PAR,the average trend coefficient of NEP in Guizhou Province is 0.0066,significantly higher than the average trend coefficient over the past 20 years.Spatial correlation analysis shows that55.74%of the significantly correlated regions exhibit a positive correlation between resettlement and NEP changes.During the PAR period,approximately 405.26×10⁴t of CO₂are absorbed annually,with an average contribution rate of about 4.62%,and the spatial distribution of contribution rates tends to be higher in the west and lower in the east.（3）During the PAR period in typical areas,the carbon storage of forest ecosystems increased by 6.57%.Before the implementation of PAR in three typical townships（in 2015）,the total carbon storage of forest ecosystems in the research area was 481,900t.After the implementation of PAR（in 2021）,it increased to 513,500t,an increase of 31,600t,or6.57%.In Qinglong County,a town with rocky desertification,the carbon storage of forest ecosystems increased by 13,626t,an increase of 14.31%.The correlation coefficient between PAR households and carbon storage is 0.948（P<0.05）.In Fuyan Township,Zhen’an County,a karst town,the carbon storage increased by 8,787t,an increase of 4.34%,with a correlation coefficient of 0.838（P<0.05）.In Wangfeng Township,Leishan County,a non-karst township,the carbon storage increased by9,242t,an increase of 5.01%,with a P value greater than 0.05,indicating no significant correlation.The conclusions of the two dimensions show that the degree of contribution of relocation for poverty alleviation to the enhancement of regional ecological efficiency is 5.28%and 4.62%,respectively,and both of them show a stronger spatial distribution trend in the west than in the east,and the conclusions of the two dimensions can be supported by each other,and the degree of contribution obtained from the experimental data is 6.57%,which is similar to the conclusion of the remote sensing data,and it can be verified that the conclusions obtained from the two dimensions.