Research On Impacts Of Built Environment On Transportation And Travel Behavior For Urban Villages

The urban village is a type of informal residence that emerged in the process of rapid urbanization in China,and it is also a key transformation target for urban renewal.Currently,China is undergoing a large-scale and rapid urban renewal process.In this process,as the physical environment represented by the built environment changes,the scale and structure of urban transportation and travel behavior will change accordingly.Therefore,it is possible to take advantage of the opportunity of the transformation of urban villages to guide transit-oriented urban renewal through optimizing the built environment,and to promote the implementation of the “transit metropolis” strategy.In the context of the comprehensive regeneration of urban villages,this thesis aims to better meet the travel needs of residents in urban villages and point out the direction for the comprehensive regeneration of urban villages oriented by public transport development.It proposes to combine knowledge in related fields such as transportation planning and urban planning.A theoretical analysis framework covering “Travel behavior-Built environment-Comprehensive regeneration of urban villages” is established.Following the research flow of “Feature analysis-Relationship modeling-Mechanism analysis-Policy recommendations”,the relationship between the built environment of the urban village and travel behavior is analyzed from the perspective of micro-individual,which is to explain the key role of the built environment of urban villages in guiding the public transportation of the residents of the urban village.Furthermore,from the spatial unit of urban villages,it proposes the scheduling guidance for the transformation of urban villages in transitoriented development rationally and orderly,and to provide scientific basis for decision-making of comprehensive regeneration of urban villages.The research content mainly covers the following four aspects:First,the thesis clarifies the characteristics of urban villages and transformation modes,the characteristics of residents’ travel behavior in urban villages,and the characteristics of the built environment of urban villages.By collecting land use data,building census data,and road network data,analyzing the spatial density,diversity,urban design,destination accessibility,and proximity of public transportation facilities of the built environment of urban villages from the neighborhood scale.Employing the survey data of residents in key areas of Shenzhen to analyze the travel characteristics and changing trends of residents in urban villages such as travel purpose,travel mode and travel distance,and to compare and analyze the travel characteristics with that of formal residence.Based on the basic theory of travel behavior,the internal connections between travel characteristics are analyzed,and the interactive relationship between the built environment and transportation in urban renewal is revealed.Second,starting from the impact of the built environment on travel mode choice,considering the intermediary effect of car ownership and travel distance,the impact of the built environment of urban villages on travel mode choice is analyzed.A SEMMixed Logit integrated analysis model is established,to describe the decision-making process of urban village residents’ travel mode choice.Employing the maximum likelihood estimation method,the parameters are estimated.The direct,indirect and total effects,are interpreted of the built environment elements,and influencing elements and the particularity that affect the choice of public transportation travel mode of residents in urban villages are revealed.Third,when residents of urban villages face the simultaneous decision of residential location and travel behavior in the process of comprehensive regeneration of urban villages,the “net” impact of the built environment on travel decisions should be calculated.A joint decision-making analysis model for urban village residents’ transportation and residential location choice is established.Taking the sub-samples involved in moving actions in the survey data of urban village residents in Shenzhen as an example,the joint decision-making process of residents’ travel behavior and residence selection in urban villages is revealed.The residential self-selection effect is characterized by latent variables of attitude preference,to reveal the interaction mechanism that affects travel behavior decisions and residence selection decisions.The “net” impacts of the built environment of urban villages on residents travel behavior are analyzed.Finally,starting from the perspective of advocating the priority transformation of urban villages with high demand for public transportation,the spatial dependence and spatial scale effect of the built environment are integrated into the analysis process of the impact of built environment on transit ratio.A spatial composite effect analysis model is constructed involving the spatial dependence and spatial scale effect.The spatial spillover effect and spatial competition effect of built environment variables on transit travel are analyzed and it proposed to prioritize the improvement of built environment variables that have spatial spillover effects on promoting urban village transit travel.Affected by the spatial composite effect,the variation results of the estimated value of the transit ratio of each urban village is ranked,to be used as the basis for guiding the time sequence of the transit-oriented regeneration of the urban villages.and scientific advice on transit-oriented regeneration strategies for urban villages are proposed.This thesis expands the research on the built environment of urban villages on travel behavior and the impact of residential self-selection and spatial composite effects on travel behavior at the theoretical level.The results can provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the built environment of urban villages to encourage residents of urban villages to choose public transportation.At the same time,from the practical perspective,a scientific strategy for the transformation of urban villages based on the transit-oriented regeneration,which is of great significance to shape the relationship between urban renewal and transit-oriented development in the long-term,and to promote the implementation of “transit metropolis” strategy.