On Russian Architectural Heritage Protection Concepts And Restoration Methods

Russian architecture’s unique development process reflects its national artistic and cultural characteristics.For over 100 years,Russian heritage conservation and restoration development has enabled complete,effective,and practical architectural heritage protection concepts and application techniques to be established,achieving remarkable results.However,the understanding and practical experiences of Russian architectural heritage conservation are limited for various reasons and must be improved systematically and comprehensively within China.Furthermore,due to the geographical proximity and similarities in climate conditions,the conservation and restoration experience of Russian architectural heritage can provide a valuable reference for protecting much of the architectural heritage found in northern China.This paper takes the theory and practice of the conservation and restoration of Russian architectural heritage in the 20 th century as the research object.Striving to comprehensively reveal the design concept and technical approach of integrating Russian architectural heritage conservation and restoration,this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis from the perspectives of thought,methodology,and technology.This is achieved by analyzing numerous Russian historical cities and architectural heritage conservation and restoration case studies,interpreting relevant documents and historical materials,and conducting a field survey of typical cases.The present paper analyzes Russian heritage conservation theories and restoration practices to help strengthen the need for heritage protection in northern China.First,based on the background of the formation of Russian architectural heritage conservation and restoration concepts,the present paper reveals the typical characteristics of its development and evolution in different stages.Moreover,the differences in conservation concepts between Russia and Western Europe and the similarities and differences in the protection and management system of China’s famous historical and cultural cities are compared and explored.Secondly,this paper conducts a comprehensive and systematic in-depth analysis of “regularity” conservation and restoration thought of Russian architectural heritage.Focusing on interpreting its ideological basis and theoretical form,the present paper specifically analyzes the hierarchical thinking structure and logical points,putting forward the best theoretical model of“regularity” restoration.Based on the analysis and interpretation of numerous practical heritage conservation and restoration cases,the essential characteristics of the “integrity”design principle of Russian architectural heritage conservation and restoration are revealed.Taking the complex path of integration and the overall planning of historical sites as a guide,a complete form of heritage groups from the material interface to the value context and the site effect is explored to reveal the“integrity” regeneration restoration design method of energy linkage of historical regions based on the benchmark logic of hierarchy,clustering,and vitality.At the same time,through the typical technical analysis of Russian architectural heritage conservation and restoration,the unique value of the “suitability”technical principle of Russian architectural heritage protection and restoration is revealed.Taking the construction of the digital heritage quality status information system and the morphological and structured national architectural heritage restoration technology as the starting point,the present study analyzes the methods and application technique standards of Russian restoration practices.In addition,according to the theoretical and practical experience of protecting and restoring architectural heritage in the cold regions of Russia,this paper puts forward the coping strategy of “adapting to the region,technology,and law.”These conservation concepts lay the foundation for the sustainable development of heritage sites.Restoration technology provides a technical guarantee for the integrity and continuity of the urban historical environment.Future research will expand the practice of “suitability” restoration,explore effective and appropriate protection and restoration technologies in extremely cold regions,and promote the sustainable utilization and development of architectural heritage in cold regions.