Study On Geoherbalism Quality Characteristics And Formation Mechanism And Forest Stand Layout Of Eucommia Ulmoides In Guizhou

The connotation of vegetable medicine is a specific habitat,high content,yield,good efficacy,cultivation and matured processing technology;and the most essential characteristic is good quality and curative effect;the root cause is germ plasm,habitat,production technology,humanities.In the same other conditions in germ plasm and cultivation and processing technology,habitat is the most fundamental cause of authentic formation.To improve the quality of being authentic,the core scientific problem is to reveal the authentic formation mechanism based on determinants.In this study,90 distribution points of Eucommia ulmoides in 33 counties(city,area)was investigated.It was divided into 4 habitat types with 12 environmental indicators of distribution point to cluster.And then 3 sample plots was sllected in each typical habitat,and 3 individual plants was sllected in each sample plot.A total of 12 sample plots and 36 individual plants ware elected,soil and root skin and trunk bark samples 36,432 leaf samples,80 indicators.Systematic research were carry out on the habitat,plant traits,medicinal component content and yield characteristics of Eucommia ulmoides in Guizhou,and the influencing factors and formation mechanism were explored.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for regulate the habitat factors,plant traits and biomass to improve the quality and afforestation layout of Eucommia ulmoides.The results as following:(1)Eucommia ulmoides in Guizhou is divided into 4 habitat types,namely type A,B,C and D(hereinafter referred to as A,B,C,D respectively).A is distributed in most of northern Guizhou and southern and southeast Guizhou;B is in a small part of southwest Guizhou;C is in most of central Guizhou,and D in a small part of western Guizhou.The average annual rainfall,organic matter,whole and quick phosphorus,total and alkali nitrogen,quick potassium,soil bulk weight,soil water content,soil Fe,Mn and Zn content are the smallest than the other,the highest total potassium,Ca and Mg content,and the soil is presented to be neutral.B has the highest annual rainfall,sunshine hours and average annual temperature,the soil organic matter,whole phosphorus and quick acting phosphorus,total nitrogen and alkali nitrogen,soil water content,soil Mn and Zn content are the highest,and the soil p H is the largest and alkaline.C has the shortest annual average sunshine hours,the largest soil capacity,soil whole phosphorus and quick acting phosphorus are only B,quick acting potassium is second only to D,and the soil is alkaline.The annual temperature of D is the lowest,the annual sunshine hours is second only to B,the soil quick effect potassium content is the highest,the soil Ca,Mg content and soil p H are the smallest,and the soil is more acidic.(2)The morphological root trait of A is longer and has the smallest specific leaf area.B Leaf length,leaf width,petiole length,and the smallest leaf area,and the largest content of dry leaf matter.The specific root length,root tissue density of C are significantly greater than A,B,D,the largest petiole length and specific leaf area,and the smallest leaf thickness,leaf dry weight,specific leaf weight,and leaf dry material content.D has the smallest root tissue density,leaf dry material density,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and the largest leaf dry weight;the smallest root carbon,root nitrogen and root potassium content and the largest leaf carbon-nitrogen ratio.B has the smallest root carbon content,root nitrogen-phosphorus ratio,leaf nitrogen and leaf phosphorus content,and the largest root phosphorus content and leaf carbon-nitrogen ratio.C has the lowest root-carbon and leaf carbon-nitrogen ratios and the largest root carbon,root nitrogen,leaf nitrogen and leaf phosphorus.D has the smallest root phosphorus content,the largest root nitrogen-phosphorus ratio,root potassium and leaf carbon content,leaf nitrogen-phosphorus ratio,the largest crown length ratio,branch and leaf index,and the largest crown-root ratio,non-photosynthetic organ to photosynthetic organ ratio.B has the smallest crown-root ratio,the largest branch ratio and branch index.C has the smallest branch and foliage index,non-photosynthetic organ to photosynthetic organ ratio,and the largest crown length ratio.The biomass traits are the smallest root ratio of D,and the largest stem,branch,leaf,above ground biomass and total biomass of A and D,and that of type B,A,D root skin and trunk bark biomass are basically consistent with its higher total biomass,and the total biomass contribution to the yield of root skin and trunk bark.(3)In terms of the Geniposide of A,C,and D,it is root skin> trunk bark> leaves,In B,and the root skin,trunk bark and leaves were D.The production of genipinic acid in the three sites was D and B,and the total content and total production in the three sites were D,A,C and B;the four habitats were trunk bark> root skin> leaves,A,D,and C,and B.Both root and trunk bark were D the largest,C in the leaves,B and B the smallest,total and total yields,D,C,A,B,in the four habitats,C,A,B,D,B,C,D,and A.The production of root bark and trunk bark was A,C,B,the total content of the three parts was B,C,D,A,C,D,A,B,and the highest content in the root bark and B.The production of root and dry bark is the largest,D,A,A,C,B,D,A and B are the smallest.(4)The quality of Eucommia ulmoides in Guizhou is ranked as D,A,C and B.The key factors affecting the functional characteristics of plant,leaf carbon content,leaf nitrogen and phosphorus ratio,soil p H and annual average temperature,and the influence mechanism is the interaction between soil nitrogen and soil nutrients and water under the influence of annual average temperature,thus promoting the formation of soil quality.(5)The Eucommia ulmoides afforestation layout of the most appropriate promoting planting area for the west of Guizhou and east of most areas,should promote planting area for most north of Guizhou and southwest few areas,should promote planting area for a few parts of southwest Guizhou,should not promote planting area for the east and northeast,southwest and northwest edge of Guizhou.