| Confronted with the difficult situation of high input,high consumption and high pollution in traditional agriculture,it is urgent to discuss how to guide the green development of agriculture from the perspective of government environmental governance.The Chinese government has put forward a new concept of agricultural green development in line with the sustainable development view,and has taken it as the development direction of China’s agriculture.However,achieving green development in agriculture is challenging.Taking Hunan province as an example,this paper discusses the green development of agriculture in this region and its influencing factors,in order to provide a decision-making reference for the government to design and implement policies to promote green development of agriculture.In this paper,the research progress at home and abroad was firstly discussed in literature review.Then,the evaluation index system of agricultural green development was constructed by using analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method,and the level of agricultural green development in Hunan was evaluated.Then,with Jenks natural discontinuous point classification method and spatial distribution analysis method,the spatial and temporal analysis of agricultural green development indicators in Hunan province and its counties was carried out,and the spatial distribution of agricultural green production modes in Hunan province was described based on Hunan “Three Products and One Standard” product certification data.Global Moran’s I-value and local Getis-Ordgi * were used to analyze the spatial dependence of agricultural green development in Hunan province.Then,using chi-square test and binary Logistic regression analysis,taking Guzhang County,Baojing County,Huayuan County and Yongshun County as examples,this paper discussed the influencing factors of farmers’ adoption of green production mode.Finally,the univariate research method was used to study the effects of agricultural incentive policies on farmers adopting different agricultural green production modes.The main research results and conclusions are as follows:⑴Based on the analysis of the main constraints on agricultural green development,combined with the characteristics of Hunan,natural resource conditions and social and economic conditions,and in accordance with the principles of systematicness,integrity,synergy,scientificiality and operability,an agricultural green development evaluation index system composed of four first-level evaluation indexes(economic benefit,social benefit,resource benefit,environmental benefit)and 20 second-level evaluation indexes was constructed and used to evaluate the agricultural green development level in Hunan province.The results show that:(1)The agricultural green development index constructed in this paper has strong robustness and practicability;(2)The overall level of agricultural green development in all cities and prefectures of Hunan province shows a trend of continuous rise;(3)The green development level of agriculture in the north and west of Hunan is the highest.⑵Based on the agricultural green development index system of Hunan province,this paper spatially and temporally analyzed the provincial and county green development of Hunan province in 2008 and 2018.The results show that:(1)The agricultural green development at the county level in Hunan province is characterized by the continuous improvement of agricultural benefits,substantial growth of economic benefits,recovery of social benefits,and continuous improvement of resource and environmental benefits.(2)In terms of space,Hunan Dongting Lake Economic Zone and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration have been in the leading position in terms of agricultural,economic and social green development level,and their overall performance in the greenization index of resources and ecological environment is moderate.The level of agricultural green development in western Hunan is rapidly improving.In terms of space,it shows the characteristics of high degree of green agricultural development in the west and southwest Hunan.There were obvious spatial differences and aggregation effects.⑶ Based on Hunan’s 2017-2020 “Three Products and One Standard” product certification data,the spatial dependence of green agriculture in Hunan was analyzed.The results show that:(1)The development of green agriculture in Hunan is imbalanced.The economically developed northeast area of Hunan has an absolute advantage in the various certification statistics of green products,while the economically underdeveloped west and south area of Hunan only have a certain advantage in organic food certification and agricultural geographical indication certification,with the certification of green products at a disadvantage.(2)The development of organic agriculture in western Hunan is better than that in other areas of Hunan,which is inconsistent with the research results of some literature stating that it is difficult to develop organic agriculture in economically underdeveloped areas.The main reason is that western Hunan has good ecological conditions for organic agriculture,such as low degree of agricultural intensification,natural buffer zone,lower labor cost in western Hunan than that in economically developed areas,which is an effective way to reduce the cost of organic agriculture and generate comparative advantages,and local government policy support for the development of organic agriculture.(3)Hunan’s agricultural green development has a positive spatial dependence,and Changsha has a spatial spillover effect of agricultural green development,which is beneficial to that of neighboring cities and prefectures.⑷The analysis of the influencing factors on farmers’ adoption of organic agriculture shows that the regression coefficients of organic product certification demonstration area,cooperative organization,cooperative relationship,marketing mode,chemical pesticides,agricultural land area and other variables are comparatively significant,all of which have a positive impact on farmers’ adoption of organic agriculture.The factors such as education level,cadres in the family,age of the head of the household,annual net income of the family and proportion of agricultural income fail the significance test,and have little influence on the adoption of organic agriculture.⑸The analysis of the effect of policy support on farmers’ adoption of green production model shows that green development of agriculture is strongly dependent on policy support,and policy incentives are of great significance to green development of agriculture.In order to promote the green development of agriculture in Hunan,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions:⑴ Taking measures according to local conditions and exploring the path and mode of agricultural green development with regional characteristics.For example,There are advantages to develop green food in economically developed areas.However,there may be more advantages to develop organic agriculture in economically less developed areas but with good ecological environment.In areas with agglomeration advantages for green agricultural development,the government can stabilize farmers’ enthusiasm for production and drive conventional farmers to adopt green production mode,further improve the concentration degree of green agriculture in the region,and form a virtuous circle of agglomeration and diffusion through measures such as support of green technology research and development,support of farmers’ cooperative organizations for green agricultural products and cooperation agreements on production,processing and marketing,and support of production base development for green agricultural products.The areas adjacent to the green agricultural agglomeration areas can benefit from the spillover effect of the agglomeration areas and realize its green agricultural development.Local governments can also design and implement targeted support policies to promote the development of green agriculture in their regions,especially in cities and prefectures with economic strength,where consumer demand for organic products is high and public resources are available for targeted policy implementation.⑵ Taking multi-pronged approaches and providing diversified policy support.In view of the agricultural production,processing or selling enterprises have cooperative relations,the agricultural product marketing,farmland area has a significant influence on farmers using organic agriculture,the government can take the land circulation,farmers’ cooperation and cooperative development,market demand and sales,and other forms of agricultural producers more organic agricultural policy support,in order to promote the active adoption of organic agriculture.Similar measures could be taken to induce farmers to adopt other green methods of production.⑶ Tying to demand,providing precise services,and boosting the high-quality development of green industries.In comparison traditional agricultural model,agricultural green production mode has higher investment and slower cost recovery in the early stage,but higher returns in the later stage.The government should pay attention to the different needs of agricultural producers,introduce different incentive mechanisms for existing green agricultural producers and potential green agricultural producers,develop the market of green products,help them reduce costs and resist market risks. |
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