Research On The Introduction, Propagation And Distribution Of Chinese Peony In Historical Period

Taking the changes of peony in Chinese historical period as the research object,based on the research in this field,this paper combs and draws a large number of charts by referring to peony genealogy,herbal literature,poetry and songs,literati notes,general geographical chronicles,local chronicles,official history,archaeology,field survey and other literature,and drawing lessons from the theories of history,geography,biology,medicine,psychology and other related disciplines,Using qualitative and quantitative methods,by restoring the spatial distribution and vertical changes of peonies in Chinese historical periods,this paper focuses on the origin of peonies,the types and distribution of wild peonies,the introduction,dissemination and distribution of ornamental peonies,and the formation of peony culture and symbolic significance,and analyzes climate change,vegetation change,political ups and downs,economic prosperity and decline,population change The influence of cultural differences and other factors on the change of peony reveals the law of the evolution of the relationship between natural environment,human activities and peony.The main conclusions are as follows:1、Before the Tang Dynasty,Chinese peony was in a relatively natural distribution state and was less disturbed by human activities.Human understanding of peony mainly comes from the practical perception of doctors.After long-term exploration and experience,doctors gradually realize its drug properties and adaptive diseases by collecting wild peony skin,so as to realize the medicinal value of Wild Peony.Because of the medicinal value and ornamental function of Wild Peony,people began to try to introduce peony into houses and open the transformation from Wild Peony to planting peony.2、The Tang Dynasty was the embryonic period of ornamental peony cultivation and culture.During the period of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty,peony was discovered by Wu and introduced into Chang’an court,which spread quietly in the court.During the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty,ornamental peonies were introduced into the gardens of Royal relatives and senior officials.In the middle and late Tang Dynasty,peony became the object of pursuit and appreciation of the upper class society in Chang’an city.Ornamental peonies are gradually distributed among the famous temples,senior official houses,Chang’an Chengfang city system,etc.At the end of the Tang Dynasty,due to war,political turmoil and other factors,the peony planting in Chang’an city gradually declined,but the peony culture and peony symbolic image gradually formed,attracting and affecting the introduction and development of peony in other regions.3、The Song Dynasty was a period of Wild Peony origin development and ornamental peony introduction and dissemination.In the Song Dynasty,people’s understanding of the origin of wild peonies was further expanded,including wild peonies in Bajun Valley,Anhui,Jiangsu and Zhejiang,Northwest China,Qingzhou and other places.The doctor successfully distinguished the difference of efficacy between wild and ornamental peony,and pointed out that the medicinal peony should use the single valve of wild or house peony.Wild Peony and ornamental peony have embarked on two completely different development paths.The spread of ornamental peonies in the Song Dynasty can be divided into two periods.In the Northern Song Dynasty,the introduction and dissemination areas of ornamental peonies were mainly in the north of Huaihe River and Jiangsu and Zhejiang;During the Southern Song Dynasty,ornamental peonies mainly spread to the surrounding areas with Jiangsu and Zhejiang,Anhui,Sichuan and Chengdu as the core.After the development,planting and dissemination in the Song Dynasty,peony has not been introduced and cultivated in all areas within the territory of the dynasty,but the name of peony has been well-known in the world and has become a well-known flower.4、The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the prosperous period of Chinese peony.The planting and distribution in this period laid the basic pattern of the geographical distribution of peony in China today.Peonies are distributed in 14 basic administrative regions,and the development and influencing factors of peonies in each administrative region show different characteristics.During this period,wild peonies were mainly distributed in Northwest Shaanxi Gansu region,Henan,Anhui and some areas of Sichuan.Ornamental peony planting is more widely distributed,and gradually presents peony planting and ornamental centers at the central level,provincial level and state capital level of the dynasty.The central planting centers of the Ming Dynasty included Bozhou in Anhui and Suzhou in Jiangsu.The central planting centers of the Qing Dynasty included Hangzhou in Zhejiang,Heze in Shandong and Suzhou in Jiangsu.Provincial and state-level planting centers are distributed in a decentralized manner.The formation of planting centers is closely related to climate conditions,water and soil,political status and traffic conditions.