Research On The Exchange Rate Fluctuation Between Silver And Copper Coin In The Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)

With the coming of "Silver Age",China did not go straight to the currency and even the road to establish a silver-based currency.In the process,the monetary system in parallel is formed in this process.If the influence of overseas silver flow and its impact is regarded as "silver line",the traditional China’s long-term copper coins,and the problem arising from using copper coins is " copper line ".Under the parallelism,"silver line" is entangled with " copper line" and produces a problem of Exchange Rate between Silver and Copper Coin.The article is in accordance with the Currency exchange rate data collection,finishing,analysis,the impact of exchange rate fluctuations,The society responds to this,this logic order,and research discussion.The article is first compared to the copper coin price,silver price,Exchange Rate between Silver and Copper Coin.,and analyzes the understanding and expression of the Qing people.It is believed that there is a difference between the three.Difference to their respective concepts,units are different,and the specific values can be converted to each other.And believe that even when people seem to be,the silver money is comparison is also a simple rope to 1(Liang): 1000(Wen)standards,but to compare changes in the price before and after a specific point of time.On this basis,it is proposed that the silver price is not a single price species,and is a "double rail-multi-rail" price system.The system includes two major aspects of the official price and market.The official comparison includes casting cost comparisons,picking outvents,marketing ratios,official selling money-speaking price,etc.There are also wholesale,retail price differences.Due to the multi-payment of more attention,the current price fluctuations and the currency market exchange,the circulation process,so it may be called "yin qian dui jia".Collect,organize,and analyze in comparison partition data.The article contrast,analyzed Peng Xinwei,Chen Zhaoan,Luo Yu Dong,Yan Zhongping,Lin Manhong,Zheng Yongchang,Wang Hongbin,and Peng Kaixiang and other scholars.Based on this,it is more scientifically scientifically scientifically and organized.In particular,it is necessary to indicate the type of currency involved in the study,how to use,and the price category is required.Further,the article gives the official file as the core information,comprehensive predecessors,newspapers,diary notes,newspapers,newspapers,private instruments,etc.,and give the process of provincial comparison data acquisition,formatting,verification,integration,Constructed the 200 th Standard Silver Money Price Data Sequence.It is used to study the long-term trend of the price wave,the fluctuation phase is staged,and the provincial fluctuations are different.In1853,the premiere of the premium of the money is generally broadly under the bottom of the U-shaped trend,and thereafter,the W-type state that is inclined to the right back.In 1944-1911,there were six more than six times in the Qing Dynasty.By dividing data comparison,there is a clear generation of a national currency market from beginning to end.The so-called comparison area difference,just under the total changes in the money comparison,there is a small difference between the base or average between different regions.Explore in terms of compass formation and fluctuations.The article first pays attention to the role of monetary system,economic structural factors,and believes that the Qing Dynasty monetary architecture and government silver money currency management,the comparative formation and fluctuation have a significant impact.In particular,government silver money management and comparison regulation,which has both systematic factors,path dependence,and system innovation,which is a evolutionary game process.The formation and fluctuation of the silver is in the essence of the value of silver and money.Silver value changes and silver currency supplies,currency flow rate,silver monetization level,national fiscal and taxation and monetary policy;the variation of money value and the number of coins supply and demand,the change of metal price changes is closely related.And all related factors,as an interpretation of specific economic structures,fiscal and tax system,monetary system,and currency built structures.Due to many factors affecting the comparison,in different time periods,time points,different regions,various factors are different,this is not the same,so this paper proposes "path points" concept,and uses a compass formation line and "market process" Describe different types of compass relationships and firing mechanisms.Behind the contrast of the silver money in the comparison,is the trigger of currency nationalization,non-nationalized historical practice,is also a game of government control and free market forces.In the influence of silver money compass fluctuations.The article focuses on the impact of the pricing fluctuations on government fiscal balance and payments,and the burden of people’s lives,and also lists the cases that have affected business activities.In terms of financial revenue,the article emphasizes the impact of the official privilege and market time-labeled comparison,what currency is understood,what type of price is sold,why is the revenue process,is the key to analyze the problem.In terms of people’s live burden,the article emphasizes the results of currency value and is not "neutral",and needs to enter the negotiation,bargaining,the currency circulation process and the corresponding social network power relationship.In terms of the influence of official and private comparative fluctuations and fluctuations.The article believes that the parties of the government have their own negative impacts to address the changes in the price of money and changes.The official has incorporates currency and even price changes in the scope of money and tax policy,and the use of changes,revised currency use and variation standards to avoid losses.The civilian is not a negative impact of passive tolerance fluctuations,but to adopt a conventional price,change payment currency species,revised accounts,etc.This produces monetary uses,accounting rules,and reduces transaction costs and promotes economic development as much as possible.Finally,this paper believes that the focus of the silver money is focused and responded to the Chinese and Western monetary system,the "big shunt" issue of the financial system.In the Qing Dynasty,the monetary system is formed in a monetary system,and it is the result of the crisis of a particular times.Silver use has supported the convenient management of the Contribution system,and also supports long distances,the development of large domestic and international trade;the casting of copper coins provides convenientness,and supports small-scale local trade.The two jointly promoted the reconstruction of the Qing Dynasty and the recovery and prosperity of the market in the pre-chinal medium economic order.However,with the active activities of the market economy,the contradictions in the currency system represented by the silver money compass fluctuations are constantly enlarged.In the late Qing Dynasty,the price of money was brought together with foreign trade and even the golden Ben International monetary system through the price of gold and silver,so China was also involved in a world system.By,it is the pursuit of "big shunt" in modern China,or is the cause of "big shunt" in China and the West,we need to place it in the process of responding to the reaction of the next crisis.