A Study On Constructions Of Negative Assessment Expression From Interactional Perspective

From the perspective of interaction,this paper discusses the construction of negative assessment in spoken Chinese by taking the dialogue transcribed text of the sitcom "home with children 1" as the corpus.At present,such researches in China are mainly focused on scattered case analysis.Firstly,negative assessment constructs with unique markers and low semantic transparency are found,and then use corpus(mainly CCL corpus of Peking University)to search for use cases for description and explanation.Based on the existing research results and the theoretical framework of interactive linguistics,evaluation theory,constructive grammar,conversational analysis and pragmatics,this paper adopts three research methods: the combination of description and systematic analysis,comparative analysis and corpus statistics.By combining language form with conversational context and conversational participants,this paper summarizes the main constructions used to express negative assessment in modern spoken Chinese through statistical analysis of oral dialogue materials,describes their usage and functions,discusses the pragmatic motivation and evolution mechanism behind,and reveals the universal factors.In addition,the forms of expression similar to or close to the negative evaluation are also compared and analyzed.Adhering to the concept of "one form and one meaning",the unique functional value and their respective degree of regularization in conversational communication are found out.Through the investigation of the discourse of the interaction meeting with high internal homogeneity,this paper is of great value to understand the overall appearance of the negative assessment construction in the spoken language corpus,which is helpful to construct the structure and system as a whole.In addition,from the perspective of synchrony,the differences of language forms expressing negative assessment in real language use can also be used to analyze the diachronic evolution of language,providing a new perspective for the study of language grammaticity/pragmatics.The research results can also be directly applied to the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language,which conforms to the current TBLT teaching philosophy of "in middle school,learning and using",and builds an interactive teaching model based on usage.The first chapter introduces the origin,basic theoretical framework,research objectives and values,research methods,research corpus and the research status at home and abroad.Chapter two to chapter six is a case study on the negative evaluation structure in corpus.Chapter two discusses the antithesis "what X" and "X what".On the basis of the review of previous research results,the rhetorical structure containing the "what" type is divided into two main parts: 1)what "X" in the conversational discourse analysis,from the syntactic level review the characteristics of "X",from the sequence of environment level inspects the structure type of discourse distribution location preferences,then analyzes the formation of the pragmatic motivations and statute degree;2)examine the related construction "X what X"(including X1 what X1,X1 what X2,and what X),and analyze the relationship between them at the synchronic level.Then the distribution of them in the sequential environment,and how to achieve the pragmatic functions of prescriptive indirect speech ACTS and successful expression of negative evaluations are investigated respectively.Finally,the degree of regularization between them is compared.Chapter three discusses the construction "even X does Y",first analyzes the relationship between the components and semantics before and after,then investigates the semantic evolution of the construction from the dynamic development of language use,and analyzes the emergence of ne gative evaluation meanings and pragmatic regularization.Finally,it compares "even X to Y" and "even X to Y" from semantic and pragmatic aspects.Chapter four discusses the construction "return X",first distinguishes the isomorphic construction,focuses on the analysis of the objective and subjective incremental meaning of "return",and then examines the rebuttal function emerging in the discourse of "incremental comparison".Finally,the paper investigates the negative evaluative meanings emerging in the process of questioning the semantic level or the speaker’s subjective level.The form and meaning/function of "return X" are gradually combined,the interrogative meanings disappear,and the negative meanings express various pragmatic functions such as refutation,contempt,contempt and blame in the use of language.This chapter investigates "return NP" as a typical sub-construction of "return X",and puts it in the discourse to analyze the features that can enter the construction "NP".Chapter five discusses the construction of "you are only X",starting from the exclusiveness/uniqueness and semantic orientation,analyzes the basis and pragmatic functions of "talent" ’s semantic subjectivity,and finally discusses the strong negative position expressed by "you are only X",and investigates the typical context in which this construction is used.Chapter six discusses the construction "X for X",first defines the scope of the construction,determines the object of study,then analyzes its pragmatic function in the discourse,and finally investigates the pragmatic conventionalization of "X for X" according to the existing and pending types.Chapter seven is a case study in chapter two to six,on the basis of using "what,a whole(a),X" structure type and composed of interrogative pronoun idioms as a typical example,from the high frequency effect,primitive,politeness principle and the typical context from three aspects,under the influence of the economic principle,study the main factors influencing the negativ e structure type specification is changed.Chapter eight discusses pragmatic markers that express negative evaluative meanings.First,it distinguishes discourse markers from pragmatic markers,classifies highly pragmatic idiomatic constructions into pragmatic markers,and then analyzes "not I say you,you see/say you,I tell you" in the corpus to summarize the characteristics of such constructions.The conclusion of the ninth chapter summarizes the main conclusions,innovation points,reflections on the shortcomings,and prospects for the future research of the negative assessment structure.