A Study On The Relationship Between The Centennial New Literature And The Modern History In Northeast China

Starting from the May Fourth New C ulture Movement,Northeastern literature began to transform and enter a modern development stage.The cultural enlightenment proposed by the May Fourth New Culture Movement and its proposition to construct modern C hina began to be practiced in Northeastern new literature and generated corresponding aesthetic forms.The academic community also interprets the literary characteristics of the initial stage of Northeastern new literature from this perspective.Or,it can be said that Northeastern new literature and C hinese new literature are an inseparable whole,and various literary trends experienced in the development of Chinese new literature have also appeared in the development history of Northeastern new literature.For example,the traces of left-wing literature,Yan’an literature,land reform literature,agricultural cooperation literature,scar literature,reform literature,and avant-garde literature can be found in the practice of Northeastern new literature.However,this unified literary development history also gives rise to a problem: what is the independence of Northeastern new literature,that is,what is the "Northeasternness" of Northeastern new literature? Only by answering this question clearly can the independence of Northeastern new literature and its many unique aesthetic characteristics be confirmed.The academic community has also thought about this issue,basically around the relationship between Northeastern new literature and Northeastern regional culture.The unique natural scenery,folk customs,language characteristics,and folk beliefs of Northeastern China have become t he core elements to confirm the "Northeasternness" of Northeastern new literature.It can be said that this explanation grasps the crux of the problem,is in line with the facts of Northeastern new literature,and has reached academic consensus,but the re lationship between modern Northeastern history and the development of Northeastern new literature behind these elements has not been fully explored.Because significant historical events in modern Northeastern history have had a significant impact on Northeastern new literature,and it can even be said that the occurrence and evolution of Northeastern new literature are related to them.For example,the modern Northeastern immigration wave gave birth to "Rush to the Northeast Literature",and the Japanese invasion of C hina on September 18 became a direct cause of the emergence of Northeastern exile literature.The establishment of the puppet Manchukuo government led to the emergence of literature in the Northeastern occupied area,and the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was directly reflected in the narrative of Northeastern Liberation Area literature.In this sense,we can consider the development history of Northeastern new literature as the modern development history of Northeast C hina.In fact,the academic community has already recognized the relationship between the two,but basically analyzed the modern history of Northeast China as a macro context and background,ignoring the important role that modern history of Northeast China played in constructing the "Northeastern" nature of modern Northeastern literature.So what is "Northeastern" nature? We can understand "Northeastern" nature from political,economic,and cultural perspectives.Politically,Northeast China’s history is closely related to colonial politics and has formed a unique political system.Since the late Q ing Dynasty,Japan,Russia,Germany,and other colonial forces have been stationed in Northeast China,especially in 1932 when Japan declared the establishment of "Manchukuo" and used it as a puppet regime to rule the Northeast region.The "puppet Manchukuo" regime implemented an authoritarian political system,and Japan dispatched a large number of officers and officials to rule the Northeast region,limiting the democratic rights of local people.At the same time,due to the brutal rule and looting by the Japanese army in Northeast C hina,local people suffered greatly.After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan,the Northeast region was liberated by the People’s Liberation Army led by the Communist Party of China,and the puppet Manchukuo regime was completely dissolved.However,the authoritarian political concept did not disappear immediately,and Northeastern society always remained consistent with authoritarian politics,and Northeastern regional consciousness was greatly suppressed.Economically,Northeast C hina has abundant resources such as coal,iron ore,oil,and natural gas,and is an important energy and raw material supply base in China.Therefore,Northeast China is one of the earliest industrial centers in China.In the early 20 th century,cities such as Shenyang,Dalian,and Harbin developed into important industrial bases.After years of development,the Northeast region has become one of C hina’s important heavy industrial bases.However,this has also caused the Northeast’s economic structure to be relatively single,relying mainly on heavy industry and resource development as the pillar,which has also posed some challenges for its economic development.Culturally,the most obvious feature of Northeastern culture is the deep-rooted socialist cultural tradition,with prominent expressions of collective consciousness,unit culture,and political attachment ideology.The macro "Northeastern" nature enters the narrative level of Northeastern literature,evolves into a series of Northeastern stories related to it,and gradually becomes a fixed writing tradition of modern Northeastern literature.More importantly,"Northeastern" nature implies a unique "Northeastern modernity",mainly referring to the objective historical development and evolution of Northeastern modern history,targeting the unique Northeastern problems generated in this process,as well as the modern experience and dynamic understanding of Northeastern history formed in the process of expressing these problems,which are manifested in literary narratives.Moreover,different historical stages will present different problems,and different understandings of "Northeastern modernity" will emerge.Therefore,this article believes that one of the important writing traditions of modern Northeastern literature is the portrayal of modern history of Northeast China,as well as the unique modern writing experience and difficulties formed in this process.In order to elaborate on these issues in detail,this article carefully identifies the colonial discourse,ethnic discourse,socialist discourse,and capitalist discourse in modern Northeastern literature,and seeks the complex relationships between them and their manifestations at the narrative level.Specifically,this article compares the similarities between the "Northeastern Writers Group" and the "New Northeast Writers Group" in literary dynamics,narrative content,and language of expression that span a century,and analyzes the differences between them.The article also explores the complex relationship between the different discourses in modern Northeastern literature.