Jao Tsung-i's General Theory Of Ancient Histor

Mr.Jao Tsung-yi(1917-2018),known as Xuantang,also known as Bolian,known as Gu ’an,Mr.Jao has made great achievements in literature,history,philosophy and art,and is a renowned master of Chinese studies and calligraphy and painting at home and abroad.Jao Zongyi’s research on ancient history started from the school of Ancient history debate,but his research method is different from the school of ancient history debate,and his research on ancient history is mainly characterized by demonstration.Jao Tsung-yi’s research on ancient history originated from the later period of the ancient history Debate movement.He published several articles successively in the semi-monthly Yu Gong and Zeshan edited by Gu Jiegang,which were appreciated by Gu Jiegang and they established a deep friendship in academic exchanges.Later,commissioned by Gu Jiegang,Jao Tsung-yi edited the eighth volume of "Ancient History",which eventually died due to objective reasons.As far as methodology is concerned,the school of "Ancient History" emphasizes bold hypothesis and has the tendency of doubting antiquity,while Jao Zongyi is characterized by documentary argumentation.Jao Tsung-yi’s research on ancient symbols and characters mainly includes the exploration of prehistoric symbols and the study of oracle bone inscriptions.Using prehistoric symbols as the source of the exploration of characters,Jao Tsung-yi compared pottery symbols unearthed at home and abroad with mature characters to explore the source.His research on oracle bones is based on the classification of Zhen people,the collection of oracle bones at home and abroad,and the study of oracle bones in the Yin Shang society is the innovation of Jao Tsung-yi’soracle bones.Jao Tsung-yi’s research on ancient myths begins with waterway as the main line to discuss the structure of the formation of ancient legends,the view of the five emperors and the relationship between too-and-hobart.He mainly focuses on the Yan Huang legend,the mixed use of Yan Emperor and Chiyou,and the formation process of Yan Huang legend were sorted out.Taking the waterway as a reference,Rao also sorted out the relationship between Gonggong and the river,Zhuanxu and Ruoshui,Gonggong and Zhuanxu,Zhuanxu in the literature records,etc.There are many complicated problems of ancient history geography,such as and the legend of poor and emperor Jun.The myth and legend of Dongyi,which is opposite to China,is also a very important part of the study of ancient mythology,and the bird custom myth and bird official system in the East are a very important part,the most famous one is Tan Zi’s bird official and character system.As the focus of Dongyi mythology,the legend of Shaohobart and Taihobart spread widely,the record of Shaohobart mainly starts from the sacrifice and fealty,and the record of Taihobart starts from the difference and connection of different documents.In addition,Rao traced the spread of the myth of "five emperors" in the myth of three emperors and five emperors,and summed up five views of five emperors.That is,the five emperors matching the five colors,the five emperors not matching the five elements of Hongfan,the five Emperors matching the five constellations,the five emperors ignoring the two Hao and the five emperors matching the five virtues.Jao Tsung-yi’s ancient geographical research mainly includes the research of Jingchu,Wuyue and Southwest culture.In the research of Jingchu culture,Rao sort out the migration and change of Chu ethnic group from two perspectives of time and geographical location,and extend the development of Chu’s natural products and industry and commerce.The customs and habits focus on the witch dance and Nanyin popular in Chu.The characteristics of the political system are prominent in the military system and the official system.The academic thoughts of Confucianism and pre-Qin families also influenced Chu culture,and the Chu culture was inextricably related to Yin and Zhou in its source,and the Chu culture had a strong influence and radiation.In his research on Wuyue culture,he researched the sources and indigenous peoples of Wuyue culture,extended the exchanges between Wuyue and the Central Plains from the perspective of archaeology,and the records of Wuyue in pre-Qin literature showed its sense of historical existence.Wuyue’s unique language characteristics were also important features of Wuyue culture.In terms of customs,Wuyue’s diversified lifestyle and craftsmanship were leading at that time.Along with migration and historical changes,the Vietnamese were divided into several groups.In the study of Southwest culture,he sorted out the context of ancient history myths and legends in Shu literature,researched the names of countries and ethnic groups in pre-Qin literature,analyzed the characteristics of Shu burial culture through unearthed sites,and traced the history of Ba,Shu and Dian,the representatives of Southwest culture.Customs and sacrificial traditions were also important features of Southwest culture that were different from the Central Plains culture.Qin’s development of southwest China is an important beginning of the integration of southwest China into the Chinese nation,and the system of flowing officials in Southwest China is the first of the later generations.Jao Tsung-yi’s methodology in ancient history studies inherited the dual-evidence method of Wang Guowei and proposed the tri-evidence method and five-evidence method.In his studies of ancient history,he widely employs archaeological methods,consults archaeological reports,and uses excavated relics as supporting materials.He employs the method of comparative study,and his research scope is not limited to the study of ancient history in China,but also pays attention to the study of ancient history in foreign countries and the relationship between ancient cultures in China and foreign countries.He employs the method of classical literature,using bibliography as the key to academic research,and lexicography as the interpretation of words,place names,and anecdotes.Jao Tsung-yi’sstudy of ancient history also contains other contents and innovations.First of all,he paid attention to the newly unearthed slips and silks,especially in-depth research on Chu silk manuscripts and Guo dian bamboo slips,involving not only textual research but also textual exegesis and ideological interpretation.Fourthly,it makes a new sort of origin of witchcraft,and expounds its function comprehensively.Finally,the comparative study of the foreign ancient history and the Chinese ancient history represented by ancient India and ancient Babylon reflects his international vision.