Research On The Calligraphy Style And Its Influence In The Imperial Examinations In The Qing Dynast

This topic starts from the origin of the Qing dynasty imperial examination calligraphy style,through the study of the formation of the Qing dynasty imperial examination calligraphy style,development,types and characteristics,impact,value reflection and other aspects of the content,thus put forward the following unique views:First,it is believed that the style of “black bright square” in imperial examination calligraphy in the late Qing dynasty is directly related to the invention and use of Yun tou yan ink.Yun tou yan ink was invented in the winter of the ninth year of Guang xu,and later became a necessary ink for scholars in the imperial examination,the “Black and bright” characteristics of Yun tou yan ink caused the “black bright square” style of imperial examination calligraphy after the midguang xu period,not the whole Qing dynasty imperial examination calligraphy style is “black bright square”.By analyzing the calligraphy of the palace examination papers in the Qing dynasty,it is concluded that the style of calligraphy is diversified,and the Qing dynasty imperial examination calligraphy style is divided into four types: ethereal type,beautiful type,unadorned type and dull type.Thus overturning the previous researchers believe that imperial examination calligraphy just has a dull “black bright square” character.Corrected long-standing prejudice and misunderstanding of the “black bright square” since the late Qing dynasty.Second,from the original calligraphy of Guang xu year twenty-one Dai Guang Dian examination paper from calligraphy style of Wei dynasty stele inscription,it is believed that the calligraphy style of the stele study in the late Qing dynasty had permeated into the imperial examination and its examination rules and methods,which the rulers of the Qing dynasty attached most importance to,the calligraphy style of the stele study was approved by the official ideology of the Qing dynasty and can be used in the most rigorous imperial examinations,it overturns the previous researchers on this issue of mistaken understanding.Third,this paper demonstrates the importance of the imperial examination calligraphy in the Qing dynasty and the influence of imperial examination calligraphy style on official schools,academies,documents and performance appraisal,the decline of imperial examination calligraphy style and its causes.Through the palace examination papers and historical data of the literature analysis,it is believed that Qianlong period pays more attention to article than calligraphy,it overturns the previous researchers’ misconception that the imperial examination“selecting scholars by calligraphy began from the Qianlong period”.Fourth,due to the great influence of imperial examination calligraphy in the Qing dynasty,every scholar who participated in the imperial examination was inevitably influenced by it,this paper analyzes the calligraphers and their styles influenced by the imperial examination calligraphy of the Qing dynasty from three angles,first,the calligraphers who serve as examiners and their calligraphy style,represented by Liu Yong,Zeng Guofan,Weng Tonghe;second,the calligraphers who did not break the restriction of imperial examination calligraphy and their calligraphy style,represented by Zhang Zhao,Zheng Xie,Lin Zexu;third,the calligraphers who broke away from the restriction of imperial examination calligraphy and their calligraphy style,represented by Qian Daxin,He Shaoji,Kang Youwei.The use of relevant calligraphers calligraphy and historical data of the literature combined analysis and demonstration,the author thinks that the first type of calligraphers not only broke away from the restriction of the imperial examination but also did not break away from it,and the second type of calligraphers tried to break away from the restriction of the imperial examination but did not break away from it completely,the third kind of calligraphers broke away from the restriction of imperial examination calligraphy and formed their own unique calligraphy art language.