| Recent years,in the background of the revival of fine Chinese traditional culture,a number of traditional culture practicing enterprises have emerged in China.These companies are unique in their approach,focusing on local practices and importing fine traditional culture into their enterprises,hoping to find the fundamental methods for human and corporate survival and development from the traditions inherited from the national life and production.Such enterprises try to extract and optimize the general contents of traditional culture,especially carry forward the excellent values of being a part of all directions,caring for people with love and kindness,advocating virtue and establishing family culture in the company,and create a set of filial piety and fraternal morality of the enterprise,which in turn deeply touches and changes the employees and is widely recognized by all of them,and is beneficial to the life of people and the development of the enterprise.In this paper,we find that family culture is the dominant content that organically unifies various traditional cultural elements and substantially changes employees and enterprises.Through continuous tracking qualitative studies of such enterprises,combined with previous studies discussing family culture in enterprises,this paper understands that family culture is not only regarded by many scholars as the native culture of Chinese society,but also generally influences the operation and survival of all organizations and groups in China.Many companies generalize family experiences into their business operations,and scholars summarize such phenomena into theoretical concepts such as familiness and pan-familiness.This study compares the family culture of the above-mentioned companies with the literature and finds that such companies rely on education to introduce family culture,advocating that all employees are considered family,and that the entrepreneurs give most of the benefits to all employees,meanwhile,employees also develop the responsibility of making the factory their home and pulling together in times of challenges.These phenomena have not been revealed in the existing literature,and they are even different from the views of family culture,which tend to cause “nepotism” and “lack of trust” in the studies of familiness and pan-familiness.In this paper,we hope to find out whether the phenomenon of “new family culture” in such enterprises represents the transformation of family culture in contemporary Chinese enterprises.If so,does this family culture,with its deep and lasting influence on Chinese society and organizations,present any theoretical contribution?In order to answer this question,this study adopted the classical grounded theory approach,selected 8 traditional culture practicing enterprises from different provinces and types,and conducted field research in stages according to the theoretical sampling needs of each period.The data sources were cross-checked.In the continuous comparison between the data coding and the existing literature,this paper starts from the phenomenon of “new family culture” in enterprises,firstly,we propose the new concept of Transfamiliness,and clarify its fundamental difference from familiness and pan-familiness on the basis of its connotation.Secondly,we reveal the mechanism of the process that makes transfamiliness really take effect;secondly,we discuss the effect of transfamiliness,so as to enrich and complete the applicability and extensiveness of this theory.Based on this research,this paper presents the overall theoretical construction and model of transfamiliness for a systematic explanation.In the aforementioned progressive study of transfamiliness,this paper finds that the family culture practices of previous companies mainly adopted from a set of experiences of family survival,copied and generalized the logic of familial operation into business management activities.Transfamiliness,however,is not a copy of the family system,but an optimization and abandonment of family culture.This is mainly reflected in the following:(1)Transfamiliness extracts the educational and caring elements of the traditional family that have value for promotion and introduces them into the company,creating a cultural practice of the company-familalization and achieving the creative inheritance of the family culture by the company.(2)Transfamiliness breaks through the logic of traditional family based on relational ties and expands the institutional capacity of human-enterprise synergy through the shared value of building a corporate “family” with employees,promoting the innovative development of family culture in the company.(3)Transfamiliness creates a family culture ethic that is complemented by virtue and ritual,and the system serves virtue,and the role of virtue is truly realized through the personal model effect of the business owner,enhancing the integration of family culture ethics in the enterprise.(4)Transfamiliness reconstructs the trust mechanism between employees and the company,breaks through the shackles of trust of the previous family culture loyal to people,and realizes the modern transformation of family culture benefits in the company.Theoretically,the research significance of transfamiliness is reflected as follows:(1)familiness and its generalization are family-centered,with internal and external distinctions,and the interests of the core family taking precedence over the interests of the enterprise;whereas transfamiliness is people-oriented,with the whole company,and the achievement of employees taking precedence over the its of the core family.Therefore,it transcends the inherent logic of family survival and forms a new type of family culture theoretical form for enterprises.(2)previous enterprises advocate system-led management with constraints as the premise,transfamiliness advocates virtue-led management with incentives as the premise.And at the same time establishes a system consistent with virtuous goals to urge the moral consciousness of all employees of the enterprise,which transcends the institutional rut based on “economic man” assumption-based institutional arena,creating a set of virtue and ritual complementary corporate ethics.(3)familiness and pan-familiness is based on people’s trust in relational affinity,trust loyal to the private.The operation of transfamiliness based on people’s identification with the enterprise,the connotation of trust is enriched,realizing the transformation of trust from calculation to identification,transcending the limited trust caused by family logic.(4)The family culture of previous enterprises valued the family’s profit results,and the behavioral orientation came from instrumental rationality.Transfamiliness valued the achievement of people and also expanded the operational effectiveness,and the pursuit of value rationality while recognizing and balancing the practical significance of instrumental rationality,which essentially showed a Zhongyong rationality and transcended the shackles of pure instrumental rationality.In terms of practice,Transfamiliness originates from the innovative practice of family culture in enterprises,which firstly has the significance of management inspiration,emphasizing the responsibility rather than the power of the enterprise owner as the “head of the family” of the enterprise,pursuing the righteousness of oneself and others,and promoting all employees as “family” members,carrying forward the superior value of family culture while transcending the family logic,and providing a set of realistic family culture operations.Secondly,the virtuous transformation of family culture by transfamiliness is in line with the current background of social and cultural revival.And reflects the spillover effect of the good values of family culture,which is useful for promoting moral and ethical social education and building individual-organizational-social trust.It is also useful for stimulating individuals’ and enterprises’ family sentiment,promoting industrial service to the country,and realizing the construction of family and country community. |
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