The Research On The Evaluation Method And Improvement Strategy Of The Operation Efficiency Of Technology Business Incubator

China Technology Business Incubator has entered a sharply development stage and became an important part of the national development strategy with the support of the Party Central Committee,the State Council,and governments since 1987.Recently,China has become one of the countries with the largest number of incubators in the world,but the incubator quality is still weak.Compared with the world-class countries,China’s scientific and technological innovation has some weak links and deep-seated problems.In particular,the original ability of science and technology still lags far behind the developed countries,the contribution rate of science and technology to economic growth is relatively low,and the overall effectiveness of the innovation system is not high.Given those,how to improve the technology and innovation level of enterprises and then improve their industrial competitiveness are important.Moreover,it is urgent to create new economic growth rate and improve the quality of technology transfer and technology commercialization,so as to realize the strategic goal of “promoting independent innovation and building an innovation-oriented country”.In view of this,this thesis uses DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)as a research tool to build a scientific evaluation model from a static and dynamic perspective and conduct a systematic and objective evaluation of the operational efficiency of China’s national technology business incubators.By tracing the source of the existing problems and analyzing the key factors that affect the performance of technology business incubators,we provide countermeasures and suggestions for improving the operational efficiency of the incubator.The main research contents and conclusions of this thesis are as follows:(1)The overall evaluation research of incubator operation performance based on the results of innovation and entrepreneurship incubation services.This thesis focuses on the impact of the failure of innovation and entrepreneurship on the technology business incubation service platform by taking the number of failed incubation or exit companies as an undesired output indicator into the evaluation system.By introducing a static DEA model,we investigate the overall operating efficiency of China’s national technology business incubators.Our results show that the inclusion of undesired output indicators significantly reduces the average operating performance of China’s regional incubators.The operational efficiency evaluation of incubators in each province is distorted and inaccurate if the number of incubation failures or the number of exited companies is not considered.The different provinces’ incubation platforms have different resource utilization capacities.The east region’s resource utilization level is highest,while that in the west region is the lowest.(2)Dynamic performance evaluation method based on incubation service process.The operation process of a technology business incubator includes investment promotion,incubation,elimination,and graduation.According to the network characteristics of the incubator,the incubation service process can be classified into a two-stage service process.Stage 1: the platform uses own capabilities to attract investment and newly incubated companies.Stage 2: The platform utilizes various resources to cultivate the enterprises and eliminate the incubation failure.Obviously,the static model cannot accurately measure the dynamic operating efficiency of technology business incubators.Thus,it is necessary to introduce a dynamic one-stage DEA model to explore the impact of typical carryover legacy variables(the number of companies already incubating)on the overall impact of the dynamic services of the incubation platform.Based on the dynamic two-stage service process of the incubation platform,we propose a dynamic two-stage DEA model.By defining cycle efficiency,phase efficiency and cycle-phase efficiency,we evaluate the overall operational efficiency and process operational performance of the innovation service system of Chinese technology business incubators.We noticed that: When the static evaluation method is adopted,the overall operating efficiency of China’s national technology business incubators,the overall operating efficiency of the provincial national-level incubator innovation service systems,and the efficiency of each stage of operation are obviously underestimated.When the dynamic service performance evaluation model is adopted,the overall platform and the dynamic service efficiency of each stage can be accurately analyzed.This shows that ignoring the carry-over factors not only affects the overall efficiency of the innovative service system,but also has a significant impact on the operational efficiency of the service phase 2(cultivation and incubation phase).(3)Analysis of factors affecting the operational efficiency of technology business incubators based on the theory of resource foundation and resource dependence.Based on the results of the dynamic two-stage DEA model,resource-based theory,and resource-dependent theory,we investigated the internal and external factors that improve the operational performance of the innovation service system of technology business incubators.Specifically,through building a Tobit regression model,we analyze the potential related factors affecting the performance of the innovation service system of technology business incubators.Our results show that the positive indicators that affect the operating efficiency of the incubation innovation service system include technological innovation progress,foreign direct investment,innovation cluster and education and human capital.In particular,education and human capital is the most important indicator factor,which makes a great contribution for the entire incubation innovation service system and the increase in efficiency at each stage contributes the most.(4)Performance improvement and optimization strategies of service demandoriented incubator innovation service system.To improve the performance of incubation services,the current performance and network effects must be considered simultaneously,and the whole process service strategy,resource allocation and coordination strategy should be established from the micro(specific incubator platform)and macro(provincial incubation service platform)perspectives.We find that at the micro level,improving the incubation quality of single technology business incubators needs to consolidate basic services such as venues,facilities and business;strengthen counseling services such as entrepreneurial consulting,team building and market development;expand support services such as scientific and technological information.At the macro level,it is necessary to strengthen regional cooperation,strengthen exchanges between regional incubation platforms,open resource sharing,and complementary cooperation,and develop strategies with the central and western regions and the old industrial bases in Northeast China by means of joint construction,model export,and assistance matching cooperation.According to systematic research,this paper finds that the incubation service system,evaluation system and evaluation methods of China’s current technology business incubator industry need to be improved,and the quality of incubation service needs to be further improved.By integrating the capabilities of domestic and foreign innovation and entrepreneurship resources and improving the level of incubation services,the needs of entrepreneurial entities and innovation and entrepreneurship activities can be increased.The main innovations of this paper are as follows: First,it enriches the operation performance evaluation system of technology business incubators and incorporates undesired output indicators and intermediate carry-over variables(number of incubating enterprises,incubation funds and new entrants)into the indicator evaluation system to evaluate the incubation service capability and sustainable development level of the platform.Secondly,we expand the existing research perspectives and evaluation methods.We divide the service process of the incubation platform into two sub-phases: financing capacity building and cultivation incubation,defines cycle efficiency,phase efficiency and cycle-phase efficiency,focuses on process performance evaluation.By building a dynamic two-stage DEA model,we evaluate the sustainable development capability and operational process performance of Chinese technology business incubators.Third,in the context of micro and macro research,we systematically evaluate the 10-year operational performance of Chinese technology business incubators and formulates performance improvement strategies by means of a combination of static and dynamic research methods.Finally,from the perspective of resource allocation and operation optimization strategy design,we apply the Tobit regression model to analyze the variable indicators,which affect the dynamic two-stage operational performance of the technology business incubator.