An Extension Method To Spatial Analysis In Geographical Information System

Geographical Information System (CIS) is a decision-making supporting system. It has all the characteristics of information system. The most important element of GIS is spatial analysis ability. The purpose of GIS is not only for mapping, but also for the analysis of spatial data and providing supporting information for spatial decision-making. Spatial analysis is a chief function, the core and the soul of GIS. Therefore research into spatial analysis becomes an important and challenging topic. It is the starting point for the research of this thesis.The main research result is the construction of new spatial datastructure--basic-element data structure on the basis of traditionalspatial data structure and in the light of basic-element theory. The new structure not only describes the spatial position of geographical element. More importantly, it makes an description of spatial morphological characteristics. New data index is built on this basis to analyze property and build regional index form and form index document. Since regional index form is built, it is not necessary to go through all the data in inquiry. Inquiry speed and efficiency will be increased. This thesisdiscusses the most important and often researched problem--spatialdistance. This thesis points out the limitation of the concept of distance in classical mathematics in some application occasion and solves the controversial problem that cannot be described in classical mathematics using the concept of distance in extension mathematics.The conclusion reached in the end in this thesis is that extension mathematics has usability in spatial analysis and that it provides a new method for solving spatial analysis problem at the same time.