The Effects Of The Techniques And The Corresponding Background Theories In Historical Accomplishments Of Radio Astronomy And The Consideration Toward The Scientific Growth And The Views Of Philosophy Of Science

Originally, radio astronomy was developed based on technology and equipment of radio telecommunications and radar projects; in its subsequent development, it still heavily relies on introduction of new technology and method for observation, and new discoveries would be serendipitously made when certain instrument is applied to observation. Interferometer and aperture synthesis radio telescope had greatly improved on the angular resolution of radio measurement, thus playing an important role in the great development of radio astronomy and the blend of radio astronomy and traditional astronomy. The true development of the two instruments cannot be separated from computer technology and atomic frequency standard, while atomic frequency standard is one of the fruits in research of maser technology. The serendipitous discoveries of quasar and pulsar are closely related to the technology of aperture synthesis radio telescope. The test of interstellar molecules, interstellar maser and solar gravitational deflection are closely related to radio interferometer. 3K microwave background radiation is closely related to telecommunication technology, antenna project, maser technology and instrument made by the discoverers themselves. The keys, which binary pulsar PSR1913+16 and many new pulsar can be discovered, are mainly the dispersion-compensating algorithm based on computer technology and large-scale equipment such as Arecibo radio telescope. The difference in technical method and instrument would also lead to the difference in the type of result of observations.Only when the result of observations in radio astronomy is connected with corresponding theories can it become scientific fruit in the final sense. The interpretation of pulsar, 3K microwave background radiation and interstellar maser is to first compare them with the earlier promoted theories, and then, to connect the result of observation with the theories. The result of observation of neutral hydrogen and interstellar molecule spectral line is due to the guidance of theoretic prediction. Both the discovery of binary pulsar and the further interpretation of new result of observations about pulsar couldn't be dispensed with the conceiving of the theoretical models. In promotion of theories, the involvement of empirical observation as non-theoretical substance is necessary, because it can enlighten structure of theory and bring forth connection between theories.