Comparison Between The Institution Of Environmental Impact Assessment And Sea Area Use Demonstration

Both environmental impact assessment and sea area use demonstration are the institutions of environment and resources protection of China. In reality there are relationships and differences between the two. Both they have significance in environmental protection, marine resources reasonable exploiting and sustainable development. so, the human can't do one thing and neglect another.This article adopts the method of analysis, contrast and example, analyses the commons and the differences of the two, brings out countermeasures and advices which can perfect and give better scope to the two institutions.This article has five chapters.At the first chapter, it speaks from origin of the two, and discovers the same and the differences. Chapter one is the commons of the two institutions, both they give the expression in the principle of sustainable development, precaution crucial and harmonize development of economy, society and environment ;both of the two take objectivity, publicity, synthesis and equitability as work principles; both of the two employ the method of classification management; both of the two have the regulations of qualification management; and they put up great similarities in work process , as well as legal obligations.Chapter two is the differences, environmental impact assessment starts at 1960s, but sea area use demonstration originates in China, which appeared at the 1990s, the time that they appeared in the world is different; environmental impact assessment is a institution that legislated and fulfilled in more than one hundred countries, and sea area use demonstration is totally Chinese, which is implemented only in China; environmental impact assessment aims at preventing the blight to environment after the implement of program and construction project, while sea area use demonstration aims at realizing using the marine reasonably and preventing marine environmental pollution and environmental destroy; environmental impact assessment has a wider serviceable range than sea area use demonstration. Moreover, there are differences in public participation, sphere of application, work process, administration, work basis and the relationship with the institution of three simultaneousness, the article compares and discourses the differences. During the discoursing, it illustrates relating institutions of the USA ,Korea and Canada by the way of quoting foreign laws ,regulations and cases, at the same time it compares these with environmental impact assessment and sea area use demonstration of China; in order to be more vivid and plentiful , this article pulls into some news. Base on the comparison of first two chapters, the flaw of the two ,especially sea area use demonstration was discovered. Because of latterly beginning of sea area use demonstration, the setting of legislations , technology standard , technical regulations are not perfect, there are some non-standard and imperfect.Chapter three is the problems in carrying out the two institutions.So ,at chapter four of the article , it draws the conclusion that it should pull unfeasibility demonstration and the alternatives into sea area use ,promote work efficiency of sea area use demonstration , perfect the work process of sea area use demonstration and strengthen the functions of public participation especially the marine non-government-organizations; as to the closely linked of the two, it should seek methods to promote work efficiency ,to build a work platform, such as setting up marine environmental files system and managing jointly, administrating jointly , carrying on sea-using-project hearings ,hence the institution guarantee can be created for the realization of environmental protection , marine management and utilization ,and also the harmonious development of economy ,society and environment will be realized. Only when the relationship between the two are developed well , protected well and handled well can the environmental-friendly-society ,which bases on the bearing capacity of environment and resources, takes the order of the nature as its norm ,and takes the sustainable society economy culture policy as its method, be realized.