Research On Marcuse's Science And Technology Critical Theory

Through combining of social, cultural, political and historical background, Marcuse learned Horkheimer, Adorno, Weber, Marx, Freud and Heidegger's thinking of their theories. He made science and technology critical theory. His science and technology critical theory can be divided into one-way theory, the new technologies and new social theories and the liberation of three Eros. Those theories are the same in logic, and their theoretical base is the technology of autonomy. People living in the contemporary capitalist, lost a negative and critical principle, thus the community as a whole has shown a degree of one-way. And this phenomenon can be shown as the one-way of community, the one-way of human, the one-way degree of political and ideological cultural one-dimensional. To that end, he proposed the establishment of a new society of completely liberation of people's instinct, and a new technology that can make technology harmony; through the liberation of Eros to achieve the comprehensive liberation of human nature. In Marcuse's eyes, science and technology implements an ideological functions, he took technology as the center of criticism. The distinction between the true needs and the needs of a false theory is the reasonable elements of his theory. The limitation of his theory is that the theoretical base of technology autonomy violates historical materialism and the abstract understanding of human beings, he only found out the nature of human beings through biological significance and neglected human beings'sociality. Thus he put the cart before the horse as he criticized Science and technology. His theory created a significant impact on not only the Frankfurt School of Ecology but also the creation of Marxism. The practical significance of Marcuse's theory of criticism for science and technology performed in the aspects as academic education, ecology and ethics, and so on. His theory has a guiding significance on technical, social and cultural development and provides some inspiration for the development of China's modernization.