The Study On Data Representation Technique Of 3D DC Electrical Field Physical Simulation

DC Prospecting has a very wide range of applications in hydrology, engineering, environmental and mineral resources exploration. We can get the data of the potential distribution of medium in the ground by measuring the artificial current field, these data are processed to extract the geological information. For a long time, people always measured along a line of observation and got the geological information extraction because of the surveying techniques and the computing restrictions, so that data acquisition method and geological information extraction was two-dimensional electrical prospecting. The goal of two-dimensional exploration is the extraction of resistivity distribution information in the subsurface, its main developments are middle gradient method, sounding and profiling method.Two-dimensional exploration method is mature in theory, with the develop of the computer technology, the development of two-dimensional resistivity inversion method is widely applied to production practice, and have achieved good results. Now, with the increase in the size of electrical exploration, there are more and more complex geological problems, two-dimensional exploration of a single line is no longer able to meet the requirements of the complete and accurate extraction of underground abnormal body position, lithology and physical properties of the geological body, so people developed a geological information extraction of three-dimensional direct current prospecting. Three-dimensional electrical prospecting is to adapt to the actual demand for the development of production technology, which is the extension of two-dimensional exploration. From the initial high-density resistivity method to the full three-dimensional measurements used in the physical simulation, we can obtain more extensive original potential data, how to extract more precise geological information from the data is an important direction of development. Three-dimensional exploration can collect (x, y, U) three-dimensional data volume, the use of apparent resistivity imaging method that can more accurately reflect the resistivity distribution information of three-dimensional geological body.In this paper, we based on the three-dimensional direct current prospecting methods and techniques and physics simulation study at home and abroad, and used the theory and physical simulation experiment to explore three-dimensional direct current resistivity method and three-dimensional electrode arrangement, and the extraction of geological information methods and techniques. We will lay the foundation for the future development and universal application of three-dimensional electrical exploration technology. Firstly we introduced the basic principles and basic geological information extraction methods of DC resistivity method, and then extended to the three-dimensional direct current observational techniques for exploration and geological information extraction methods, and then explore the observational data based on physical simulation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional geological information extraction process, and with the three-dimensional numerical simulation data of some simple electrical model, using a variety of geological information extraction technology, finally we give an operation process design from experimental data acquisition, experimental data processing to geological information extraction about the three-dimensional direct current resistivity method.In the physical simulation experiments, we measured three-dimensional geological structure of the two-dimensional line and three-dimensional of the whole area with water sink and soil tank. The two-dimensional measurement was a test for the feasibility of the physical simulation model and we obtained good results. We used the all measured three-dimensional observational data for geological information extraction, the traditional apparent resistivity curve method and Quasi-sectional drawing geological information extraction methods can give us the abnormal physical characteristics of the verification model. Computer three-dimensional observational data collection is not ideal, after the original measurement data analysis, the question boils down to the instrument itself.In view of the physical simulation of three-dimensional observational data did not achieve the desired results, we used a theoretical model for analytical solution and numerical simulation method, obtained a calculating data structure.which was corresponding with the physical simulation By the three-dimensional observational data of numerical simulation, geological information using the traditional extraction methods: the apparent resistivity curve and the quasi-sectional drawing have been accurately reflected of the geological information, and through such methods we tested the variety of devices in different geological conditions. In addition, this paper test the method of electric field strength to extract geological information and obtain the results near to the apparent resistivity with the pole-dipole array.Reference to three-dimensional seismic technology is relatively mature, we will use some seismic technology in process of three-dimensional DC field data. In this paper, we use the pole-pole potential measurement method of the whole area to obtain three-dimensional observational data, and then calculate it to other devices. The data of full three-dimensional measurement allows the author to attempt a comparative analysis of any types of devices. Through the collation of data calculation, an arbitrary dipole-dipole array to extract geological information obtains good results,at the same time we can use a very effective way of different arrays with the same plotting point to stack the data to increase signal to noise ratio.