Synthesis And Use Of Epoxypropyl Dimethydodecylammonium Chloride

Epoxy alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is not only a cationic but also a quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant with an epoxy. Epoxypropyl dimethydodecylammonium chloride is a new Fine Chemical Intermediate of epoxy quaternary ammonium salts, which contains hydrophilic quaternary ammonium alkyl, lipophilic dodecyl and the actively epoxy group. It is a multifunctional monomer, and can be reacted with a lot of organics using its epoxy, such as starch, fiber, glucose and so on.In this paper, the epichlorohydrin was used as the solvent to synthesize the Epoxypropyl dimethydodecylammonium chloride. The influences of temperature, time and molar ratio of materials on the reaction were investigated to increase the epoxy number of products. Depending on the product performance and the chemical efficiency, in this paper we chose the temperature 60℃, the reaction time 2h and the mole ration of epichlorohydrin and the dodecyldimethylamine 2.5:1 as the better condition and the convert ration of the Dodecyldimethylamine got to 97%, and the epoxy number got to 0.2297mol/g. And at the same time, the performance of the viscosity and the surface tension were tested, and the CMC(critical micelle concentration) was 1.25×10-4g/l.Using the active epoxy, the Epoxypropyl dimethydodecylammonium chloride was tried to prepare the hydrophobic quaternary ammonium cationic starches. Compared to the former starches, the hydrophobic long chain alkyl was added to the product, which could improve the hydrophobic performance of the quaternary ammonium starches. And because of these starches are insoluble in water at low but soluble at high temperatures, at present, they are the most promising modified starches in the paper industry. To improve the degree of the starches, the effects of water content of the reaction system, reaction pH, reaction temperature and reaction time were discussed. When the n (starch):n (Epoxypropyl trialkyl quaternary ammonium)=1:0.25, the temperature 80℃, the reaction time 3h, the pH 10, the amount of the water 40～50%, the degree of substitution got to 0.128mol/g. In this paper, the reaction mole ration was from 1:0.25 to 1:0.7, while in the industrial production; the proper dosage of the Epoxypropyl trialkyl quaternary ammonium could be chose to increase the degree to fulfill the practical need.Since the products of modified glucose had the special high performance, such as biodegradable, environment friendly and so on. The synthesized cationic reagent was attempted to modify the glucose. Excessive amount of glucose in the product does not affect the performance, so under the reaction conditions of glucose excess, the mole ration of the glucose to the Dodecyl dimethy epoxy propyl amine chloride was 1:0.9. When the temperature was 80℃, the reaction time was 5h and the pH was 10, it had the least glucose left in the production, which meaned the glucose could be reacted in maximum.