Preparation And Characterisation Of Quaternary Ammonium Organobentonites And Its Catalysis Properties

In this paper, three kinds of quaternary ammonium organobentonites have been synthesized by using the sodium bentonite, which are purified and modified from Ningming bentonites. These organobentonites are made from three kinds of quaternary ammonium salt. The properties and structures have been studied as well by X-ray diffraction, infrared absorption spectrum, differential thermal analysis and electron microscope scanning methods. The solvent dilatability and gelation ability, viscidity and organic content have been tested. And then the catalysis of the organobentonite have been studied, use for the catalyzer of the hydroxylation on benzene to phenol and the esterification on alcohol with the carboxylic acid. In this field, it is an originative experiment investigation.The researches show that, experimental manipulation time is greatly shortened by using the new purification and sodium modification method. And then the high quality sodium bentonites are obtained. The syntheses of organobentonites are succeeded in the experiment, its capability is very well, and the factors that affected the synthesis are investigated. We find that, the ratio of reaction liquid to solid, reaction temperature, reaction solution pH value, reaction time and the dosage of organic activator are all influence the synthesis experiment. The optimum process condition of three kinds organobentonites is obtained by optimizing experiment with using orthogonal table. And In the best condition, the ratios of organic exchange adsorption are all higher than 94 percent by using three kinds of quaternary ammonium salts as organic activated reagents. The biggest crystal layer distance of the quaternary ammonium organobentonites is higher than 20 angstrom. The analysis of organobentonites' capability shows that, the organic losing rate of baked organobentonite is between 27 to 40 percent, the viscidity of the octadecyltrimethyl ammonium organobentonite is 280 mPa.s , cetyltrimethyl ammonium organobentonites' is 206 mPa.s, dodecyltrimethyl ammonium organobentonites' is 159mPa.s. In addition, the organobentonite has good solvent dilatability and gelation ability in the organic medium. And the catalysis experiment shows that, organobentonites and its treatment are not notability affected to the hydroxylation on benzene to phenol, but definitely affected to the esterification on alcohol with the carboxylic acid. When organobentonites are loaded by amino sulfuric acid, its have excellence catalysis, the translation rate of acetic acid is higher than 95 percent, the yield of ester is about 91 percent, but the use longevity is not long.